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Ar Eero Saarinen
(August 20, 1910 – September 1, 1961)

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• Eero Saarinen was born in 1910 , in Finland . He was a Finnish American architect
and Industrial designer of the 20th century.

•Famous for varying his style according to the demands of the projects: simple ,
sweeping , arching structural curves.

•In 1923 Saarinen’s emigrated to U.S.A , where he he took courses in sculpture and
furniture design . He studied sculpture at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière in
Paris, France.

•Between 1930-1934 Eero studied at the Yale School of Architecture.

• Joined his father’s architecture firm in 1941. After working with his father on a
number of projects .He had a chance to express his own philosophy . When he
entered 1947 architectural competition for jennefer national expansion memorial.
This was his first opportunity to establish himself as an independent architect.

• After his father's death in 1950, Saarinen founded his own architect's office, "Eero
Saarinen and Associates". 3
• Saarinen was recruited by his friend, who was also an architect, to join the
military service in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Saarinen was assigned to
draw illustrations for bomb disassembly manuals and to provide designs for the
Situation Room in the White House. Saarinen worked full time for the OSS until
1944.

•Saarinen developed remarkable range which depended on color , form and

material. Saarinen continued to design innovative chairs . His first master piece in
chair was TULIP CHAIR .

• Collaborated with Charles Eames on furniture design, later producing

his “Womb” sofa and chair and “Tulip” furniture.

• In 1941 he won 2 prizes in the New York museum of modern art competition for
functional furniture design for pieces on which he and Charles had collaborated.

• Saarinen's architectural masterpiece is the signature TWA-Terminal at J.F.

Kennedy Airport in New York (1956-52)

• Died: Saarinen died of a brain tumor in September 1, 1961 at the age of 51 ,USA .

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 He did not hesitate to push the boundaries of what was technologically possible
with existing building materials; if a building component didn’t exist, he would
invent it.
 His humanistic approach to design and his philosophy of building in “the style
for the job” set him apart from his more dogmatically Modernist contemporaries.

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•Location: John F. Kennedy International Airport,
Queens, Newyk

•Area: 17.6 acres (7.1 ha)

•Architect: Eero Saarinen and Associates

•Architectural style: Modern Movement, Expressionistic

•Added to NRHP: September 07, 2005

(U.S. National Register of Historic Places)

•Designated NYCL: July 19, 1994

New York city historic landmark)

Started in 1956 and completed on May 28, 1962 a year after

the architect's death. Saarinen also winning the AIA Gold
Medal in 1962.

The expressive curves of the design create attractive,

spacious halls and a rare degree of exhilaration for an
airport terminal.

The period bright orange carpets are gone, and the

atmosphere is a more contemporary cool with the tone set
by the purple-tinted glazing.
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In December 2005 (PANYNJ) began construction of a
new terminal facility for JetBlue Airways.
Saarinen's original gull-winged building also known
as the SAARINEN HEAD HOUSE.
Saarinen head house :
Saarinen's original futuristic design featured a
prominent wing-shaped thin shell roof over the
main terminal (head house), unusual tube-shaped
departure-arrival corridors originally wrapped in
red carpet and critical to the spirit of the design
expansive windows that highlighted departing and
arriving jets.

 The concrete shell's evocative shape which inspired Saarinen to develop special, curved edge ceramic
tile to conform to the curvilinear shapes— places the design into the categories of Futurist, Googie,
and Fantastic architecture.

Saarinen's architectural masterpiece is the signature TWA-Terminal at J.F. Kennedy Airport in New
York (1956-52). The completed terminal was dedicated May 28, 1962 — a year after the architect's
death. Saarinen also winning the AIA Gold Medal in 1962 for this design.
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Kresge Auditorium is an auditorium building for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology located
at 48 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was designed by the noted architect Eero
Saarinen, with ground-breaking in 1953 and dedication in 1955. The building was named for its
principal funder, Sebastian S. Kresge founder of S. S. Kresge Stores (corporate predecessor of Kmart
and the Kresge Foundation) 11
thin-shell structure of reinforced concrete, one-eighth of
a sphere rising to a height of 50 feet and sliced away by
sheer glass curtain walls so that it comes to earth on only
three points. The dome weighs only 1200 tons and is
currently clad with copper.
It was originally covered with smooth, bright, orastone which
was then replaced with lead sheeting attached with stainless
steel wires
In 1980, cracks were found in the supporting structure and the
auditorium was closed immediately for repairs. Copper
replaced the lead at that time.

The main stage is panelled with warm-colored

Sitting on a circular red brick platform,
the dome contains a concert hall (with
seating for 1226 people), plus a lower level
that houses a small theater (seating 204),
two rehearsal rooms, dressing rooms,
offices, bathrooms, and lounges.
vertical wood elements that echo the vertical glass
panels of the building's facade. The concert hall also
contains a Holtkamp acoustic pipe organ, whose
pipes visually resonate as a sequence of vertical
elements of varying heights.
the two buildings are separated by a "green," referred to by
students as the "Kresge Oval. The ensemble is recognized as one of the
best examples of mid-Century modern architecture in the US. in the
tradition of early-American urban planning, was to serve as the setting
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for civic events.
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•David S. Ingalls Rink is a hockey rink in New Haven, CT designed by architect Eero Saarinen and
built between 1953 and 1958 for Yale University.

•It is commonly referred to as The Whale, due to its appearance.

•The building was constructed for $1.5 million, which was double its original cost estimate. It seats 3500
people and has a maximum ceiling height of 23 meters.

•The building was included on the America's Favourite Architecture list created in 2007 by the
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American Institute of Architects
Structural system :
The rink employs an innovative structural system in which a 90 meter reinforced concrete arch, from
which a cable net is hung, supports a timber roof. This causes a stable, double curvature form.

Exterior cables linking the arch directly to the outer edges of the roof were added during structural
design development. These cables address forces caused by asymmetrical wind loads.

Fred N. Severud was the structural engineer for the project.

Renovations :
• the rink's construction all renovations have been carried out by the firm Roche Dinkeloo.

• In 1991, a new concrete refrigerant slab was added at a cost of $1.5 million. 15
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 The church building of 1964 was designed by Finnish-American
ELEV. architect Eero Saarinen (1910–1961) and completed in 1964. The
church was the last building designed by Saarinen before his
death.

The building is hexagonal in shape, with a central spire which is

192 feet (59 m) high.

Below the spire, there is an oculus that

admits light into the main level.

The sanctuary is located at the centre of

the building, with the altar located
in the centre of the sanctuary.

PLAN
Rows of pews surround the altar in a
hexagon, reflecting the idea that worship
should be a central aspect of the life of the
congregation.

The lower level contains classrooms, an auditorium, a kitchen

and an activities area.

Architectural style: Modern

Added to NRHP: May 16, 2000
Designated NHL: May 16, 2000
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 Architect Eero Saarinen

Location Chantilly, Virginia

Date 1958 to 1962

Building Type airline terminal

Construction Syste
concrete
m

Climate temperate

Context suburban

Architectural Style Modern

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The civil engineering firm Ammann and
Whitney was named lead contractor.

The airport was dedicated by President

John F. Kennedy on November 17, 1962.

 it is highly regarded for its graceful

beauty, suggestive of flight.

 In the 1990s, the main terminal at Dulles

was reconfigured to allow more space
between the front of the building and the
ticket counters. Additions at both ends of
the main terminal more than doubled the
structure's length.

The original terminal at Taiwan Taoyuan

International Airportin Taoyuan, Taiwan
was modelled after the Saarinen terminal at
Dulles.

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The design included a
landscaped man-made lake to
collect rainwater, a low-rise
hotel, and a row of office
buildings along the north side
of the main parking lot

. The design also included a

two-level road in front of the
terminal to separate arrival and
departure traffic and a federally
owned limited access highway
connecting the terminal to the
Capital Beltway about 17 miles
(27 km) to the east.

. The access road had a wide

median strip to allow the
construction of a passenger rail
line, which will be in the form
of an extension of the
Washington Metro and is
expected to be completed in
2018
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 FRONT VIEW SATELLITE VIEW OF BUILDING

•The centre is on three sites, with the main laboratory in Yorktown Heights, New York, 38 miles north
of New York City, a building in Hawthorne, New York, and offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

•Yorktown Heights designed by architect Eero Saarinen completed in 1961, with the 115th Street site
closing in 1970.

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Buildings:

Yorktown heights :
•Is a large crescent-shaped
•structure consisting of three level by 40 aisles.
• The lowest level is partially underground in some areas toward the shorter side of the crescent, which
also leads to the employee parking lots.
•A large overhang protrudes from the front entryway of the building, and faces the visitor parking lot.

Hawthorne :
•The Hawthorne building (located at 19 Skyline Drive) is easily recognizable by its mirrored facade and
large blue pole. Located approximately 25 miles north of New York City, the Hawthorne site is smaller
than its sister site at Yorktown Heights
•The building also contains a cafeteria, presentation centre and library. The site, opened in 1984, was
designed by Michael Harris Spector.

Cambridge:
The Cambridge facility can be found at 1 Rogers Street, Cambridge, MA; it is located in one of IBM's
Lotus Software development locations. 22
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Concordia College, U.S. Embassy, London World Headquarters,
Fort Wayne, IN John Deere & Company, IL

Samuel F.B. Morse and Bell Laboratories, Holmdel Vivian Beaumont Theater,
Ezra Stiles Colleges, Yale New j Lincoln Center, New York
University

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