Mazhar Ali

Senior Engineer

Thermal & Fluid Engineering

NPE-513

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 LECTURE-1

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 Why we need to learn different subjects?

Production System

Non-Nuclear
NPPs Power Plants

Mechanical/ Electrical/Ele Civil/ Fuel/

Waste
Chemical ctronics Building Physics

Components
Design, Operations
etc…

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 NPE-513 Thermal & Fluid Engineering (TFE)

1. Thermodynamics

2. Fluid Mechanics

3. Heat Transfer Starting

25 % Sessional Marks (Quizzes, Assignments, Mid Term)

25 % Final Marks

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 NPE-513 Thermal & Fluid Engineering (TFE)

Karachi Institute of Power Engineering (KINPOE)

 Practice Question

If heat transfers from hot to cold, and stops

when the two objects reach the same
temperature, explain why it is possible for the
inside of your car to be hotter than the air
outside on a hot summer day?

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 Answer

 The greenhouse effect.

Electromagnetic waves from the sun enter your car
through the windows and are absorbed by the seats
and other objects in the car.
They then re-emit electromagnetic radiation of a
different wavelength that cannot pass through
glass.
All of that energy is therefore trapped inside the
car, causing the temperature to rise.

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 Practice Question

Why “firewalkers” can walk safely across a bed

of red-hot coals in bare feet?

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 Answer

Coal-not a good conductors of heat

rate of heat transfer is slow
If they walk fast enough, there is only a small
amount of heat transferred to their feet, and
they do not burn.

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 Why Heat Transfer?
Is Thermodynamics not enough?

One tells Other tells

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 Why Heat Transfer?
Is Thermodynamics not enough?
• Amount of heat transferred (The First Law -
Conservation of Energy) and the direction of
heat transfer (The Second Law - increase in
Thermodynamics
Entropy for heat flow from higher to lower
temperature

• Rate at which a heat transfer

process takes place or with the
manner in which it take place. Heat Transfer

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 Heat transfer is energy transfer due to a
temperature difference;
Heat transfer occurs whenever:
– There is a temperature gradient within a material
– There is temperature difference between a material
and its surrounding
– Two bodies at different temperatures are brought
together

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 The rate and the mode of heat transfer is the
province of “heat transfer” studies.

Regardless of the mechanism or mode of heat

transfer the driving force for heat transfer is always
temperature difference

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 Modes of Heat Transfer

1
Conduction

3
Radiation

Heat Transfer
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 Dimensions & Units of Heat & Temperature

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