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Obj

General Objective

At the end of my 30 minutes discussion, I will be

able to comprehensively explain the nursing
education perspective of Indonesia
Obj

Êpecific Objectives

i nowing the history of the development of nursing in Indonesia

i Understanding the development of nursing education in Indonesia
i Understanding the challenges and perspectives of nursing
education in Indonesia
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1 m   m
1602-
1799

rinnen Hospital in ratavia (now Jakarta) 1799

2  m
!
"
1799-1811

Ghere are no outstanding health efforts during this

period.
— 
 
#
1811-1816

At this time, it began to develop some form of health

effort spearheaded by Raffles.

Ghese efforts include mass smallpox vaccination

activities, improvement of mental health care, and
care for detainees.
^  

""1816-19^2

In 1819, Residem V Pabst establishes a public hospital

that is named Êtadsverband Hospital and based in
Glodok.
Ghis hospital was later renamed Central rurgerlijke
Ziekeninrichting and moved to Êalemba,now called
Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RÊCM). Currently
RÊCM become a national referral center and national
education.
In 1852, De rosch founded the medical school of
Java which later developed into ÊGOVIA (1898).

He also held a midwifery education preparation

programs in 1852, although in the end the
program was closed in 1875.
In the same year (1875) the government established the first psychiatric
hospital in rogor, followed by a mental hospital Lawang (1894) and the
mental hospital Magelang (1923).

Due the increasing number of mental hospital, mental nurse education was
opened in 1940 in rogor.

Cilendek Hospital (now is dr. H Marzoeki Mahdi Hospital rogor)

Among them are Cikini hospital in Jakarta, Êt.Carolus
Hospital in Jakarta, rorromeus Hospital in randung, and
Êt. Elisabeth Hospital in Êemarang.
Along with this progress, the government began
establishing schools for nurse education.

Ghe first nurse education school was founded in Cikini

Hospital in 1906 and then followed the RÊCM in 1912.
£ 
#19^2-19^£

In the days of Japanese occupation, nursing in Indonesia

may be said to suffer a setback. Reigns of leadership of the
hospital was taken over by Japan and partly held by the
Indonesian nation.

At this time, the plague spread everywhere due to lack of

medical supplies.
6 "#$19^£-
#

At the beginning of independence, Indonesia

encountered numerous deficiencies in the condition
of hospital care and treatment, including the minimal
supply of drugs.
 `
 

  






In 1913, the first nursing education program was
established in Êemarang Hospital (Ministry of Health of
the Republic of Indonesia, 1989).

Ghe hospital opened a kind of courses or training of

nursing teachers by bringing in teachers from the
Netherlands.
In 1940, opened in rogor Mental Nurse Êchool.

At the same time, there was opened the program which

also provided the graduate school for nurse midwife
with three years plus a one-year midwifery education.

In 1950, Nursing Education Êchool for teacher opened in

randung.

In 1952, founded Care Manager Êchool in Gantja radak

Hospital (now is Hasan Êadikin Hospital).
Along the development, Care Manager Êchool then
turned into a Nurse Êchool (ÊP), which is the lowest
level of education for a nurse.

In 1962, the academy of nursing education (APER) in

Jakarta was founded.
Êince then, many new academy of nursing began to
appear in various regions in Indonesia.

Until now, there are approximately 361 nursing colleges

in Indonesia.
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Over time, there are number of challenges and trends
affecting the profession as a result of global change.

1. Êhifting patterns of Indonesian society from agrarian

to industrialized, from traditional society to modern
society.
2.Development of science and technology rapidly
makes the people of Indonesia at this time more
critical.
3. Analysis of the International Council of Nurses
(1997 in Yani, 1997) which states that in 2020, there
will be a global changes that will happen around the
world.
Efforts are considered effective and highly strategic to
print professional nurses through the development of
nursing education.

Gherefore, nursing education in Indonesia should not be

limited to the Nursing Diploma course, but should be
continued up to the level of strata (bachelor).
In 1985 Indonesia opened the first nursing science
study program for undergraduate school at the
University of Indonesia.

In Indonesia, Ê1 nursing education is still fairly new and

lags behind other countries.
Ghe second Nursing science study program was open
at the University of Padjadjaran in randung.

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Indonesia also have opened the program master degree in
2003 organized by Faculty of Nursing, University of
Indonesia, and Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University in
2008.
Other developments that occurred in the nursing
education world is to change the status of nursing
education which was originally under the
responsibility of the Ministry of Health, gradually
switching to the Ministry of National Education,
especially for the Academy of Nursing (APER).
Ghe involvement of the private sector has its own
influence in the reform of nursing education in
Indonesia.

One proof is the educational development of the High

Êchool of Health Êciences (ÊGIes/College) which is
currently increasing just like mushrooms in various
regions.
In terms of quantity, resource nurse was somewhat large.

However, large values Dare not balanced with good

Ghe evidence shows from the numbers of nursing higher

education institutions that have educational
qualifications of teachers remain low.
A condition such as nursing education is like a double-
edged knife.

On the one side, it improves the professionalism of

nursing and on the other side, it "kill" professionalism
itself.
Professional organization, Indonesian National Nurses
Association (PPNI) work to improve the quality of
nursing education by making the Ahli Madya of Nursing
(title for Academy of Nursing graduates) as the lowest
level of nursing education.
Ghe strategy is applied through the improvement of nursing
education curricula to produce a professional nurse who
would be able to compete in the era of globalization.

Gherefore, the curriculum of nursing education should not

only cover locally, but also globally.
In addition to revamping the curriculum, there should
also be an improvement in the ability of human
resources.
u

u  
Asmadi. 2008. Konsep Dasar Keperawatan.Penerbit ruku
edokteran EGC. Jakarta.

Gaffar, La Ode Jumadi. 1999. Pengantar Keperawatan Profesional.

Penerbit ruku edokteran EGC. Jakarta.

Êimamora, Roymond. H. 2009. Buku Ajar Pendidikan Dalam

Keperawatan. Penerbit ruku edokteran EGC. Jakarta.

Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher

Education. Evaluation Data of Higher Education, College Profile.
Retrieved from http://evaluasi.dikti.go.id/epsbed/telusurps/1 on
May 5, 2011.
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