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Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Adapted from- Kendall, K. E. & Kendall J.E. (2008), Systems Analysis and Design, 7/E, Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 07548, 774p. Chapter 1 & 2 CRICOS Provider Number 00103D
Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Things to Remember
Syllabus and the Text Book
Text Book is more detailed projection of the MOST topics in the syllabus The syllabus is what you need to cover
Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Software Engineering
The IEEE Computer Society defines Software Engineering as:
(1) The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software. (2) The study of approaches as in (1).
(IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology, IEEE std 610.12-1990, 1990.)
The discipline of software engineering encompasses knowledge, tools, and methods for defining software requirements, and performing software design, software construction, software testing, and software maintenance tasks.
[Guide to Software Engineering Body of Knowledge- http://www.swebok.org]
ITECH2101-ITECH6101 Software Engineering: Processes and Methods
Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Software Engineering, thus, is the study and application of Systems Analysis, Design, Implementation, and required knowledge from other related fields.
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Systems analysts bridge the gap in perceptions by: - understanding the business and - understanding technology Role: help solve business problems using IT
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Kendall Ch 1 & 2
Information Systems
Information Systems Crucial to success of modern business organizations Constantly being developed to make business more competitive Impact productivity and profits Keys to successful systems development Thorough systems analysis and design Understanding what business requires
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Kendall Ch 1 & 2
A systems analyst may be involved with any or all of these systems at each organization level
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Operational Level
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Process large amounts of data for routine business transactions Boundary-spanning Support the day-to-day operations of the company Examples: Payroll Processing, Inventory Management
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Knowledge Level
Office Automation System (OAS)
Supports data workers who share information, but do not usually create new knowledge Examples: Word processing, Spreadsheets, Desktop publishing, Electronic scheduling, Communication through voice mail, Email, Video conferencing
Higher Level
Management Information System (MIS)
Support a broad spectrum of organizational tasks including decision analysis and decision making Examples: profit margin by sales region, expenses vs. budgets
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Strategic Level
Executive Support System (ESS)
Helps executives to make unstructured strategic decisions in an informed way Examples: drill-down analysis, status access
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Major Approaches to Systems Development Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) CASE systems development life cycle Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design
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Output:
Feasibility report containing problem definition and objective summaries from which management can make a decision on whether to proceed with the proposed project
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Output:
How users accomplish their tasks How to make the new system more useful and usable. Understand business functions and information on the people, goals, data and procedure involved
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Output:
Recommendation on what, if anything, should be done
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Output
Model of the actual system
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Output:
Computer programs System documentation
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Output:
Problems, if any Updated programs Documentation
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Activity:
Train users Analyst plans smooth conversion from old system to new system Review and evaluate system
Output:
Trained personnel Installed system
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Over time the cost of continued maintenance will be greater than that of creating an entirely new system.
At that point it becomes more feasible to perform a new systems study
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Case Tools
CASE tools are productivity tools for systems analysts that have been created explicitly to improve their routine work through the use of automated support Reasons for using CASE tools
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Increasing Analyst Productivity Improving Analyst-User Communication Integrating Life Cycle Activities Accurately Assessing Maintenance Changes
ITECH2101-ITECH6101 Software Engineering: Processes and Methods Kendall Ch 1 & 2 CRICOS Provider Number 00103D
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Kendall Ch 1 & 2
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Other Alternate Approaches Agile approach Prototyping ETHICS Project champion Soft Systems Methodology Multiview
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Organizations As Systems
Conceptualized as systems designed to accomplish predetermined goals and objectives Composed of smaller, interrelated systems serving specialized functions Specialized functions are reintegrated to form an effective organizational whole
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Entity-relationship model
Focus is on the entities and their relationships within the organizational system
Summary
Information is a key resource Systems analysts deal with many types of information systems Integration of traditional systems with new technologies Roles and qualities of the systems analyst The systems Development Life Cycle CASE tools Alternatives to structured analysis and design and to the SDLC Graphical representation of systems Levels of managerial control
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