Current Status of Energy Efficiency Building Codes in India

Launched on 27th MAY 2007

Siri Exergy & Carbon Advisory Services (P) Ltd, Hyderabad

Energy Use in Buildings is increasing rapidly

According to Construction Industry Development Council (CIDC) In 2004-05 residential construction accounted for 19.25 million sq meters and commercial construction 21.50 million sq meters. For 2005-06 a 10% increase from previous year is expected. Most new commercial construction is air conditioned

There are strong disincentives to energy efficiency in buildings

Designers/builders incur first cost associated with energy efficiency; users reap benefits Strong first cost bias Lack of availability of efficient products Lack of equipment testing & certification. Lack of energy expertise Lack of awareness, info. and tools Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) is essential to ensure building energy efficiency

ECBC Development Process

BEEs ECBC Development Approach

Broad Stakeholder participation
Building Industry, Manufacturers, Professionals, Govt. Agencies etc.

Addresses local design conditions and construction practices Emphasis on maximizing building envelope benefits to encourage better designs
Examples daylighting and natural ventilation

First generation code ease of use is a priority

Both in terms of code requirements and language

Building Users

Broad Stakeholder Participation

Stakeholders

Financial Institutions

Building Owners
s puo Gr es U r

Utilities

Manufacturers

Advocacy Groups & Associations Architects/Engineers

yrt s udn I sr e dnuF

Standard Setting Bodies

Builders/Contractors

Legislative Agencies

Funding Agencies

a t ne m r ev o G n

Educational Institutions

Local Businesses & Financial Institutions

 COE was formed in November 2003 to provide inputs and oversee code development process. The COE has representation from various stakeholder groups including
Architects, Builders, Engineers, Manufacturers, Schools of Architecture, Building Research Associations, Energy Conservation Organizations and other experts from the Building Industry.

Formation of the Committee of Experts (COE)

Technical Subcommittees
The COE was divided into technical sub committees Each sub committee shall deal with a specific aspect of the code. Allocation of tasks has been done under the following categories. 1. Opaque Envelope 2. Fenestration 3. Lighting 4. Mechanical 5. Code Structure and Organization 6. Compliance and Enforcement Plan 7. Implementation Plan

Role of the COE

With the inputs and comments received from the COE a Code structure and Methodology was developed. The code structure established the code development procedure, defines the boundaries of the code, identifies building components to be considered, establishes parameters for evaluating measures, and defines the methodology for analysis. The methodology established a method to carry out the stringency analysis for the envelope (opaque and fenestration), Lighting, and HVAC parameters.

ECBC development Process

An extensive data collection was carried out for construction types and materials, glass types, insulation materials, lighting and HVAC equipment Base case simulation models were developed The stringency analysis was done through detailed energy and life cycle cost analysis. A stringency level for each code component was established

ECBC development Process

The stringency analysis results were reviewed by the COE The numbers and simulation models were revised on the basis of comments received from the COE and the second set was presented to the Committee The draft code was then developed incorporating all the comments received from the COE. The draft was then circulated to other stakeholders for review The second draft of the ECBC was developed after addressing comments from stakeholders

Component Approach to Standards Development

The energy budget for the whole building performance approach is built-up from the requirements of the individual components

ECBC Scope Mandatory Scope Covers commercial buildings

Connected load in excess of 500kW or Contract demand in excess of 600 kVA Recommended for all buildings with conditioned area >1000m2

Applies to New Construction only Building components included

Building Envelope (Walls, Roofs, Windows) Lighting (Indoor and Outdoor) Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) System Service Water Heating and Pumping Electrical Systems (Power Factor, Transformers)

Geographical Variations

Five climate zones

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Composite (Delhi) Hot Dry (Ahmadabad) Hot Humid (Kolkata), Moderate (Bangalore) Cold (Shillong)

ECBC Impact

25%-40% Reduction in Building Energy Use

% Saving Vs Typical Buildings 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%
40% 37% 40% 36% 39% 34% 27% 33% 29% 34%

Delhi

Ahmedabad

Kolkata

Bangalore

Shillong

24 Hr Operation Buildings

Daytime Use Buildings

National Impact Potential

The average energy use for typical commercial building is 200 kWh/sq. meter/year. Mandatory enforcement of ECBC can reduce the energy use by 30-40% to 120-160 kWh/sq. meter/year. Nationwide Mandatory enforcement of ECBC will yield a saving of 1.7 billion kWh for 2005-2006.

Impact of Energy Codes

Market Development for EE & RE products
Building Insulation Energy Efficient Windows (Glass and Frames) High-Efficiency HVAC Equipment Solar-Thermal Hot Water Systems

Improved Design Practices

Lighting and Day lighting Natural Ventilation/Free-Cooling Systems

Improved Performance Improved Power Factor

Implementation

Typical Implementation Schedule

Years Phases
1 Development 2 Implementation Preparation 3 Enforcement 4 Revisions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Implementation Options
Implementation program will include appropriate mandatory administration and enforcement of the ECBC for government buildings and for private sector buildings.
Traditional administration and enforcement via local building code enforcement should be established and put into place. supplement this type of enforcement with innovative methods like enforcement via mandatory compliance prior to hookup of the electricity supply from the electric utility.

ECBC Development: Next Steps

Checking and Certification Systems for Equipment and Systems Capacity building of State and Municipal implementing agencies Design Manuals, Software, and Training and Technical support for Architects, Engineers, and Code Officials Awareness programs for building owners, designers, and users

Potentials
There is a very large potential for energy savings in buildings,
as well in existing buildings as in new buildings

Potentials New Buildings

New buildings can be built with much lower energy consumption
Examples show only 33 or 20 % energy use compared with today's standard for most Zero Energy countries Examples from

New buildings can California and already today be built Florida with Zero Net Energy The potential for saving is enormous !

Experiences of Other Countries Singapore

Singapore since 1979 has adopted a mandatory BEC that was modeled after Standard 90-1975, of the American Society for Heating Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Singapore has persistently implemented a mandatory BEC and associated energy consuming equipment in commercial buildings. She has now separate requirements on different building utilities and services A whole building energy demand approach has also been developed to assist building developers.

Experiences of Other Countries Hong Kong

Hong Kong adopted a voluntary BEC since 1995, and has periodically revised and updated her code The Electrical and Mechanical Services Department (EMSD) conducted promotion program of DSM and provide information for building management to compare the consumption of it building with benchmark of same building type.

Experiences of Other Countries Malaysia and the Philippines

Malaysia has adopted a federal voluntary Guideline on building energy efficient design. The Philippines has a similar scheme.

The code is mandatory for commercial buildings or building complexes that have a connected load of 500 kW or greater or a contract demand of 600 kVA or greater. The code is also applicable to all buildings with a conditioned floor area of 1,000 m2 (10,000 ft2) or greater. The code is recommended for all other buildings.

ECBC

ECBC(contd)
2.2 Exemptions The provisions of this code do not apply to: (a) Buildings that do not use either electricity or fossil fuel, (b) Equipment and portions of building systems that use energy primarily for manufacturing processes 2.3 Safety, Health and Environmental Codes Take Precedence Where this code is found to conflict with safety, health, or environmental codes, the safety,health, or environmental codes shall take precedence.

THANKS!