Office 2003

Introductory Concepts and Techniques, 2nd Edition

Microsoft

McGraw-Hill Technology Education

What Is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, that can accept data (input), process the data according to specified rules or instructions, produce results (output), and store the results (storage) for future use.
Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition 2

Data & Information

data
Raw facts, figures, and symbols

Processes data into information

Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful

Produces and stores results

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Computers can be shared by multiple users but can be used by only one person at a time. Although PCs are used by individuals, they also can be connected together to create networks
Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition 4

Computers for Individual Use

Desktop computers The most common type of computer Sits on the desk or floor Performs a variety of tasks

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Workstations Specialized computers Optimized for science or graphics More powerful than a desktop

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Notebook computers
Small portable computers Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds About 8 by 11 inches Typically as powerful as a desktop

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Tablet computers
Newest development in portable computers Input is through a pen Run specialized versions of office products

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Handheld computers
Very small computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) Note taking or contact management Data can synchronize with a desktop

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

Computers for Individual Use

Smart phones
Hybrid of cell phone and PDA Web surfing, e-mail access

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

10

Computers for Organizations

Mainframes
Used in large organizations Handle thousands of users Users access through a terminal

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

11

Computers for Organizations

Mainframes
Large and powerful systems For example, in bank, airlines company.

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

12

Computers for Organizations

Minicomputers
Called midrange computers Power between mainframe and desktop Handle hundreds of users Used in smaller organizations Users access through a terminal

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

13

Computers for Organizations

Supercomputers
The most powerful computers made Handle large and complex calculations Process trillions of operations per second Found in research organizations
Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition 14

What is the information processing cycle?

Input. During this part
of the cycle, the computer accepts data from source, such as the user, for processing.

Process. During
this part of the cycle, the computers processing component performs actions on the data, based on instructions from the user.

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

15

What is the information processing cycle?

Output.
Here, the computer may be required to display the result of its processing. For example, the result may appear as text, numbers, or a graphic on the computers screen.

Storage.
In this step, the computer permanently stores the results of its processing on a disk, tape, or some other kind of storage medium

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

16

Parts/elements of the computer system?

Hardware. is any
part of the computer you can touch

Software. The
logical part of the system or is a set of instructions that makes the computer perform task. In other words, software tells the computer what to do. For example, programs

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

17

Parts/elements of the computer system?

Data.
is the collection of fact and figure that by themselves may not make much sense to a person. A computers primary job is to process these pieces of data, converting them into useful information.

People.
People are the computer operators, also know as users. So without the user the computer system are not complete because if hardware, software and data are available but no one to enter the data

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

18

What Are the Essential Computer Hardware?

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

19

Input Devices
Any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer Input Device Examples
Keyboard Mouse

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

20

Input Devices
Input devices also perform 3 Functions.
Accept the data from user.

convert the data into computer (binary/machine) language. Then send to CPU (central processing unit) for processing.

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

21

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

22

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

23

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

24

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

25

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer The control unit interprets the instructions, act just like a traffic police, it decide that when data will be transfer from where to which place. The arithmetic/logic unit performs the logical (>,<,=>,<=) and arithmetic (+,-,/,*) processes Memory, also called random access memory, or RAM, consists of electronic components that store data, instructions, and information, temporary as needed by the processor
Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition 26

System Unit

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

27

Output Devices
Output devices make the information resulting from processing available for use Output Device Examples
Printers Display Devices

monitor

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

28

Storage Devices
Used to store instructions, data, and information permanently when they are not being used in memory
CD-ROM Hard disks Floppy disks

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

29

End Of Chapter

Essential Introduction to Computers, 6th Edition

30