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R. Rakesh Kashyap (0925924) 2nd Semester MCA

Outline

What is Cloud Computing ? History VIRTUALIZATION Why Cloud Computing? Service Providers of Cloud Computing Services Provided by Cloud Computing Cloud Architecture Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing

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Definitions
moving computing and data away from the desktop and the portable PC and simply displaying the results of computing that takes place in a centralized location and is then transmitted via internet to users screen. - John Markoff (NY Times Blog)

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Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet. -whatis.com

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It is a paradigm in which information is permanently stored in servers on the Internet and cached temporarily on clients that include desktops, entertainment centers, table computers, notebooks, wall computers, handhelds, etc. -IEEE

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the idea of relying on Web-based application and storing data in the CLOUD of the internet. -MIT Technology Review

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It is a paradigm shift whereby details are abstracted from the users who no longer need knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure "in the CLOUD" that supports them.

-Wikipedia

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It starts with the premise that the data services and architecture should be on the servers. We call it Cloud Computing they should be in a CLOUD somewhere.

-Eric Schmidt (Chairman/CEO of Google Inc)

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In laymans language Simple explanation with an example

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In June 2009, a study conducted by

VersionOne found that of senior IT professionals actually don't know what cloud computing is and two-thirds of senior finance professionals are confused by the concept, highlighting the young nature of the technology.

41%

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Cloud is simply a metaphor for the internet Users do not have or need knowledge, control, ownership in the computer infrastructure Users simply rent or access the software, paying only for what they use

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History of Cloud Computing

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Concept dating back to the 1960s by John McCarthy, a computer scientist, brought up the idea that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing: Utility computing Grid computing In some ways, the cloud is a natural next step from the grid-utility model, said Frank Gens, an analyst at the research firm IDC
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Virtualization
Virtualization is something which is not REAL, but displays the full qualities of the REAL. A software implementation of a machine that executes programs like a real machine.

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Ty p i c a l S e r v e r S p e c s :

IBM System x3950 M2 Processor : Intel Xeon Processor 7400 series up to 2.66 GHz (six cores)/1066 MHz front-side

bus Cache (max) Up to 16 MB Memory (max) 4 GB or 8 GB/256 GB max PC2-5300 DDR II Maximum internal storage 587 GB

P o w e r s u p p l y ( s t d / m a x ) 1 4 4 0 W 2 2 0 V 2 / 2
Warranty 3-year customer replaceable unit and onsite limited warranty

COST US Around 9lakhs $17,642.04 INR

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HYPERVISOR
What is it ???

is the SUPERVISOR

Ways t o implement it ???

Hardware layer Software layer

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Pros of using Virtualization

Server Consolidation Testing and development Dynamic Load Balancing Disaster Recovery Virtual Desktops Reduction in cost of infrastructure Reduce power utilization cost (GREEN COMPUTING) Virtualization The Cloud Computing Enabler

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Cons of using Virtualization

Magnified physical failures Degraded performance New skills Complex root cause analysis New management tools Virtual machine sprawl

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Back to main line

Why Cloud Computing ?

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N U M B E R O F U S E R S

The Super Computer in the Sky

Two ways of building a super computer with enough power that users can plug into according to their needs at a particular time:
Blue Gene Approach Google's Approach

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Major Service Providers of Cloud Computing

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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Amazon EC2

web service interface that provides resizable computing capacity in a cloud designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server space from weeks to minutes allows developers to pay only for capacity that they actually use 14-Apr-12

Google 101

Network made up of millions of cheap servers, that would store staggering amounts of data, including numerous copies of the world wide web Makes search faster, helping ferret out answers to billions of queries in a fraction of a second

Google invests more than $2 billion a year in data centers for cloud computing. Google App Engine
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Salesforce.com was found in 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff as a company specializing in SaaS software. They are best known for their Customer Relationship Management (CRM) products, which it delivers to businesses over the internet using the SaaS model. SaaS Force.com Platform Web Services

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Azure

Internet-scale cloud computing and services platform hosted in Microsoft data centers Provides a range of functionality to build applications that span from consumer web to enterprise scenarios Designed to help developers quickly and easily create, deploy, manage, and distribute web services and applications on the internet.
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IBM are developing cloud computing applications for the everyday user called CloudBurst. IBM also offers private cloud computing services using IBM blue services software. Instead of putting information out on the internet it makes the companies data center into its own cloud. This cloud is blocked off from the internet using firewalls.
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Scalable Pricing in Cloud Computing

Models of Pricing
Free Subscription

Model

Pay

Per Use Enterprise Unlimited License

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Cost of using Cloud infrastructure Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud pricing

On-Demand
Small

Instances
Linux/UNIX Windows

(Default) $0.085 per hour Large $0.34 per hour Extra Large $0.68 per hour
Data

$0.12 per hour $0.48 per hour $0.96 per hour

transfer Cost

Data

Transfer IN $0.10 per GB Data Transfer OUT

First 10 TB per Month $0.17 per GB Next 40 TB per Month $0.13 per GB Next 100TB per Month $0.11 per GB Over 150 TB per Month $0.10 per GB
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Services Provided by Cloud Computing

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Software as a Service

Defined as service-on-demand, where a provider will license software tailored Infrastructure providers can allow customers to run applications off their infrastructure, but transparent to the end user

Customers can utilize greater computing power while saving on the following

Cost Space Power Consumption Facility

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Platform as a Service

Provides all the facilities necessary to support the complete process of building and delivering web applications and services, all available over the internet Infrastructure providers can transparently alter the platforms for their customers unique needs Google App Engine, Heroku, Mosso, Engine Yard, Joyent or force.com (SalesForce platform) are few of the examples of service providers.
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Infrastructure as a Service

Defined as delivery of computer infrastructure as a service

Fully outsourced service so businesses do not have to purchase servers, software or equipment

Infrastructure providers can dynamically allocate resources for service providers

Service providers offer this service to end users Allows cost savings for the service providers, since they do not need to operate their own datacenter Ad hoc systems allow quick customization to consumer demands Amazons EC2, GoGrid, RightScale and Linode are few of the examples of service providers.
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Wide Spectrum of Usage

BitTorrent Skype Groove LinkedIn SecondLife YouTube Qualys Google Microsoft Forums

Blogspace Website Hosting VPS FaceBook WebEx Yahoo

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Cloud Architecture

Public Clouds Private Clouds Hybrid Clouds

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Public Clouds

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Private Clouds

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Hybrid Clouds

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Key properties of Cloud Computing

User Centric Task-Centric Powerful Accessible Programmable

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Cloud Computing Pros

Reduced Hardware equipment for end users Improved Performance Lower Hardware and Software Maintenance Instant Software Updates Accessibility Less Expensive Better Collaboration Pay for what you use Flexible

Need not invest on multiple licensing

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Cloud Computing Cons

Security Issues (#1 concern) Internet connection

Too many platforms

Location of Servers Time for Transition Speed
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Real time applications

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Quote NY Times example Starbucks Example(mystarbucks.com) U.S. Army Example (goarmy.com) Playfish (social gaming) DigitalChalk (educational site) Livemocha Second Life (virtual game)

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