C7 - Information System in Enterprise

Chapter 7
Các hệ thống thông tin quản lý

trong doanh nghiệp
INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN
THE ENTERPRISE
2.1
Mục tiêu
Giới thiệu về
• Các loại HTTT chính trong doanh nghiệp và vai
trò của nó
• Các HTTT hỗ trợ các chức năng kinh doanh như
thế nào
• giải thích lý do vì sao các nhà quản lý nên chú ý
đến các qui trình kinh doanh
• Các lợi ích và các thử thách khi sử dụng HT ERP
• Các lợi ích của việc sử dụng HT quản trị kênh
cung cấp (SCM) & thương mại hợp tác
(Collaborative Commerce), HT quản trị quan hệ
khách hàng (CRM), HT quản trị tri thức (KM)
2.2
KEY SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION
Các loại HTTT trong tổ chức (Types of Information Systems)
2.3
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Các loại HTTT trong tổ chức

 HT xử lý giao dịch (Transaction Processing
Systems - TPS)
 HTTT văn phòng (Office Systems - OIS)
 HT làm việc tri thức (Knowledge Work Systems -
KWS)
 HTTTQL (Management Information Systems -
MIS)
 HT hỗ trợ ra quyết định (Decision Support
Systems - DSS)
 HT hỗ trợ cho lãnh đạo (Executive Support
Systems - ESS)
2.4
2.5
Heä thoáng xöû lyù giao dòch
(Transactions Processing System, TPS)
• Muïc ñích
– TPS giuùp cho toå chöùc/doanh nghieäp thöïc
hieän vaø/hoaëc theo doõi nhöõng hoaït ñoäng
haøng ngaøy (caùc giao dòch).
• Basic business systems that serve the operational

level
• A computerized system that performs and records
the daily routine transactions necessary to the
conduct of the business
• Caùc vaán ñeà TPS thöôøng ñaët ra
– TPS (xaây döïng töø naêm 50s) giuùp nhaø quaûn
lyù
 Xöû lyù caùc giao dòch töï ñoäng
VD: Xöû lyù ñôn haøng
 Truy vaán caùc thoâng tin lieân quan tôùi caùc giao
dòch ñaõ ñöôïc xöû lyù
2.6 VD: Khaùch haøng X coù bao nhieâu ñôn ñaët haøng?
Heä thoáng xöû lyù giao dòch (tt)
• Heä TPS:
 TPS tröïc tuyeán (online)
Noái tröïc tieáp giöõa ngöôøi ñieàu haønh vaø chöông
trình TPS. Heä thoáng tröïc tuyeán seõ cho keát quaû
töùc thôøi.
 TPS theo loâ (batch)
Taát caû caùc giao dòch ñöôïc taäp hôïp laïi vôùi nhau
vaø ñöôïc xöû lyù chung 1 laàn.
VD: Xöû lyù sec
2.7
• Caáu truùc cuûa TPS tröïc tuyeán (on-line)

Chöông trình TPS
Caùc söï kieän/ Bieåu

giao dòch Cô sôû döõ lieäu
(forms)
cuûa TPS
Giao
dieän Baùo caùo
(reports)
Ñònh kyø
2.8
• Caáu truùc cuûa TPS theo loâ (batch)
Taäp tin
Caùc söï kieän/ giao dòch
giao dòch
Giao dieän
Taäp tin Chöông trình
giao dòch saép xeáp
ñöôïc saép xeáp
Chöông trình Cô sôû döõ lieäu
TPS cuûa TPS
Ñònh kyø
2.9
• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa heä

thoáng TPS
Thaønh phaàn Ñaëc ñieåm
Ñoái töôïng söû Caùc nhaân vieân vaø caùc nhaø
duïng quaûn lyù caáp thaáp (caùc taùc
Döõ lieäu nghieäp)
Caùc giao dòch haøng ngaøy (cuï
Thuû tuïc theå, chi tieát)
Coù caáu truùc vaø chuaån hoùa
2.10
Payroll TPS
Figure 2-3
2.11
Types of TPS Systems
Figure 2-4
2.12
Knowledge Work Systems (KWS):
Knowledge level
• Inputs: Design specs
• Processing: Modeling
• Outputs: Designs, graphics
• Users: Technical staff and professionals
Example: Engineering work station
2.13
Heä thoáng thoâng tin quaûn lyù
(Management Information System,
MIS)
• Muïc ñích
 Taïo ra caùc baùo caùo thöôøng xuyeân
hoaëc theo yeâu caàu döôùi daïng toùm
taét veà hieäu quaû hoaït ñoäng noäi
boä cuûa toå chöùc hoaëc hieäu quaû
ñoùng goùp cuûa caùc ñoái töôïng giao
dòch (khaùch haøng vaø nhaø cung
caáp).
• Vaán ñeà ñaët ra
 MIS phuïc vuï cho coâng taùc quaûn lyù
(hoaïch ñònh, thöïc hieän vaø kieåm
soaùt).
2.14  MIS chæ quan taâm ñeán hieäu quaû
Heä thoáng thoâng tin quaûn lyù (tt)
MIS)
• Caáu truùc chung
cuûa MIS
Cô sôû döõ lieäu
MIS
Chöông trình MIS

Cô sôû döõ lieäu Truy vaán
cuûa TPS (queries) Bieåu
(forms)
Baùo caùo
(reports) Nhaø
quaûn lyù
- Ñònh kyø caáp trung
- Baát thöôøng (adhoc)
- Ngoaïi leä
2.15
MIS)
• Ñaëc ñieåm MIS
 Hoã trôï cho TPS trong xöû lyù vaø löu
tröõ giao dòch
 MIS söû duïng CSDL hôïp nhaát vaø hoã
trôï cho nhieàu chöùc naêng trong toå
chöùc
 MIS ñuû meàm deûo ñeå coù theå thích
öùng ñöôïc vôùi nhöõng nhu caàu veà
thoâng tin cuûa toå chöùc
 MIS taïo lôùp voû an toaøn cho HT vaø
phaân quyeàn cho vieäc truy nhaäp HT
2.16
MIS)
• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa MIS
Ñoái töôïng söû Caùc nhaø QL caáp trung. Nhaø QL hôïp
duïng taùc vôùi phaân tích vieân trong quaù trình
xaây döïng MIS.
Döõ lieäu Coù caáu truùc. Töø 2 nguoàn: (1) töø TPS,
(2) töø nhaø quaûn lyù (keá hoaïch).
Thuû tuïc Coù caáu truùc. Thoâng tin caàn taïo ra: (1)
Baùo caùo toùm taét ñònh kyø, (2) Baùo
caùo theo yeâu caàu, (3) Baùo caùo ngoaïi
leä.
2.17
Management Information System (MIS):
Management level
• Inputs: High volume data
• Processing: Simple models
• Outputs: Summary reports
• Users: Middle managers
Example: Annual budgeting
2.18
Management Information System (MIS)
Figure 2-5
2.19
Management Information System (MIS)
• Structured and semi-structured decisions
• Report control oriented
• Past and present data
• Internal orientation
• Lengthy design process
2.20
Heä hoã trôï quyeát ñònh
(Decision Support System, DSS)
• Ñònh nghóa:
 DSS laø söï keát hôïp giöõa tri
thöùc cuûa con ngöôøi vôùi khaû
naêng cuûa MT, caûi thieän chaát
löôïng QÑ, laø 1 HT hoã trôï döïa
treân MT giuùp cho nhöõng nhaø
QL giaûi quyeát nhöõng vaán ñeà
baùn caáu truùc.
 DSS laø heä hoã trôï RQÑ cho
2.21
caùc nhaø QL veà caùc vaán ñeà
Heä hoã trôï quyeát ñònh (tt)
• Vaán ñeà ñaët ra

 DSS duøng ñeå traû lôøi nhöõng
caâu hoûi baát thöôøng (laâu
laâu môùi ñaët ra vaø khoâng
laëp laïi)
 Caùc vaán ñeà DSS giaûi quyeát
laø baùn caáu truùc.
 Muïc tieâu khoâng roõ hoaëc nhieàu
muïc tieâu
 Soá lieäu thu thaäp ñöôïc khoâng
chính xaùc
2.22
• Caáu truùc chung cuûa DSS
Caùc moâ hình

DSS
Chöông trình DSS

Döõ lieäu töø Quaûn lyù
MIS moâ hình Quaûn lyù Töôn
ñoái thoaïi g
Quaûn lyù taùc
döõ lieäu Ngöôøi söû
duïng
-Khaùch haøng DSS
Dòch vuï -Ñoái thuû
döõ lieäu ngoaøi -Ngaønh coâng nghieäp
-Neàn kinh teá
2.23
• Ñaëc ñieåm cuûa DSS

I. Linh ñoäng (Flexible) V. Moâ phoûng theo
söï thay ñoåi cuûa
II. Töông taùc giöõa
theá giôùi thöïc
ngöôøi vaø maùy
(interactive) VI. Tính ñeán hieän
taïi vaø döï baùo
III. Khoâng thay theá
töông lai
ngöôøi RQÑ
VII. Chuù yù ñeán keát
IV. Thôøi gian soáng
quaû giaûi quyeát
ngaén
vaán ñeà
2.24
• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa HT DSS

Thaønh Ñaëc ñieåm
Ñoáiphaàn
töôïng Caùc nhaø QL caùc caáp
söû duïng (thaáp/trung/cao). NSD cuõng laø
Döõ lieäu ngöôøi taïolieäu:
2 loaïi döõ ra DSS.
töø beân trong
(TPS/MIS), töø beân ngoaøi (nghieân
cöùu thò tröôøng, thoáng keâ,…)
Thuû tuïc Caùc moâ hình/coâng cuï cuûa DSS.
Thoâng tin caàn taïo ra: Ñoä nhaïy
vaø Daïng thöùc/quan heä.
2.25
Decision Support System (DSS):
Management level
• Inputs: Low volume data
• Processing: Interactive
• Outputs: Decision analysis
• Users: Professionals, staff
Example: Contract cost analysis
2.26
Decision Support System (DSS)
Figure 2-6
2.27
Decision Support System (DSS)
Figure 2-7
2.28
Heä thoâng tin hoã trôï laõnh ñaïo
(Executive Support System, ESS)
• Ñònh nghóa
 Laø 1 HTTT ñaùp öùng nhu caàu thoâng tin
cuûa caùc nhaø quaûn trò caáp cao (chieán
löôïc), nhaèm muïc ñích hoaïch ñònh vaø
kieåm soaùt chieán löôïc.
• Muïc tieâu
 Phuïc vuï nhu caàu TT cho ban laõnh ñaïo
 Giao tieáp cöïc kyø thaân thieän vôùi NSD
 Ñaùp öùng ñöôïc phong caùch RQÑ cuûa
töøng nhaø laõnh ñaïo
 Coù khaû naêng theo doõi vaø giaùm saùt
ñuùng luùc vaø hieäu quaû
 Coù khaû naêng cung caáp TT chi tieát
 Coù khaû naêng loïc, neùn, vaø tìm kieám
2.29
Heä thoâng tin hoã trôï laõnh ñaïo (tt)
• Caáu truùc chung cuûa moät ESS
OAS data MIS data DSS models
CSDL moâi tröôøng/

dòch vuï döõ lieäu
tröïc tuyeán
Chöông trình ESS

Laõnh ñaïo/
Nhaø quaûn lyù
Ñoà thò Baùo caùo

Ngöôøi quaûn lyù
chöông trình
2.30
Heä thoâng tin hoã trôï laõnh ñaïo (tt)
• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa ESS

Ñoái töôïng söû Caùc nhaø QL caáp cao. NSD coù ít
duïng hieåu bieát veà coâng ngheä
Döõ lieäu thoâng tin. lieäu: töø beân trong
2 loaïi döõ
(TPS/MIS/DSS), töø beân ngoaøi
(nghieân cöùu thò tröôøng, thoáng
Thuû tuïc keâ,…)
Toång hôïp cao, caùc phöông tieän
bieåu dieãn deã nhìn, deã söû
duïng.
2.31
Executive Support System (ESS):
Strategic level
• Inputs: Aggregate data
• Processing: Interactive
• Outputs: Projections
• Users: Senior managers
Example: 5-year operating plan
2.32
Executive Support System (ESS)
2.33
Figure 2-8
Executive support system (ESS)
• Top level management
• Designed to the individual
• Ties CEO to all levels
• Very expensive to keep up
• Extensive support staff
2.34
INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG SYSTEMS
Figure 2-9
2.35
Heä chuyeân gia
(Expert System, ES)
• Chuyeân gia laø nhöõng ngöôøi coù kieán

thöùc vaø kinh nghieäm ñaëc bieät trong
lónh vöïc caàn giaûi quyeát vaán ñeà.
VD: Choïn löïa thieát bò, ngaân saùch cho
quaûng caùo, chieán löôïc quaûng caùo.
• Gioáng DSS, ES laø HT döïa treân maùy
tính (goàm phaàn cöùng vaø phaàn meàm
maùy tính) giuùp nhaø QL giaûi quyeát
caùc vaán ñeà hoaëc RQÑ toát hôn.
• ES laø 1 nhaùnh cuûa trí tueä nhaân taïo
ñöôïc aùp duïng trong nhieàu lónh vöïc
khaùc nhau.
2.36 VD: Chaån ñoaùn y hoïc, thaêm doø mìn,
Heä chuyeân gia (tt)
(Expert System, ES)
• Caáu truùc chung cuûa

ES
Kieán thöùc Heä thoáng Giao dieän
chuyeân gia giaûi thích ngöôøi söû duïng
(Quy taéc)
Maùy suy luaän Nhaø quaûn

(Ñieàu kieän keát luaän) lyù/
Ngöôøi söû
Heä thoáng duïng
thu thaäp
kieán thöùc Kieán thöùc Caùc söï
chuyeân kieän
gia cuï theå
(caùc
Côquy (CSDL)
sôû kieán
taéc)thöùc
2.37
(Expert System, ES)
• Ñaëc ñieåm cuûa ES
 AÙp duïng kieán thöùc 1 lónh vöïc
rieâng bieät cho 1 hoaøn caûnh hay 1
vaán ñeà khoâng chaéc chaén hay
thieáu thoâng tin.
 Ñöa ra nhöõng giaûi phaùp veà hieäu
quaû vaø keát quaû, nhö chaån ñoaùn
1 vaán ñeà, ñaùnh giaù 1 hoaøn caûnh,
cho lôøi khuyeân, …
 Giaûi thích vaø lyù giaûi caùc lôøi
khuyeân maø noù ñöa ra.
 Cung caáp thoâng tin theâm veà lónh
vöïc chuyeân gia.
 Nhaän ra nhöõng haïn cheá cuûa mình
2.38 trong lónh vöïc naøy vaø bieát luoân
(Expert System, ES)
• Ích lôïi cuûa ES

 Baûo toàn ñöôïc tri thöùc cuûa
chuyeân gia.
 Giuùp cho nhieàu ngöôøi coù
cuøng trình ñoä “chuyeân gia”
ñeå RQÑ.
 Taêng hieäu quaû cuûa quaù
trình RQÑ.
 QÑ nhaát quaùn, ít phuï thuoäc
2.39
(Expert System, ES)
• So saùnh DSS vaø ES
Ñaëc ñieåm DSS ES

Muïc tieâu Hoã trôï ngöôøi RQÑ Thay theá vaø laëp laïi
baèng caùch traû lôøi lôøi khuyeân cuûa caùc
truy vaán cuûa ngöôøi chuyeân gia
Ai khuyeân RQÑ
Con ngöôøi vaø / hay Heä thoáng
/RQÑ heä thoáng
Söï ñònh RQÑ Truyeàn ñaït chuyeân
höôùng chính moân (ngöôøi-maùy-
ngöôøi) vaø cho lôøi
Höôùng hoûi Ngöôøi hoûi maùy khuyeân
Maùy hoûi ngöôøi
Baûn chaát Caù nhaân, nhoùm, Caù nhaân (chuû yeáu),
hoã trôï toå chöùc vaø nhoùm
2.40
(Expert System, ES)
• So saùnh DSS vaø ES (tt)

Ñaëc ñieåm DSS ES
Phöông phaùp Soá Kyù hieäu
xöû lyù chính
Ñaëc tính cuûa Phöùc taïp, toång hôïp Phaïm vi heïp
lónh vöïc vaán
ñeà
Loaïi vaán ñeà Ñaëc bieät, tình Laëp laïi
huoáng, duy nhaát
Cô sôû döõ lieäu Döõ kieän (söï kieän Döõ kieän vaø thuû
Khaû naêng suy vaø soá)
Khoâng tuïc
Coù, giôùi haïn
luaän
Khaû naêng giaûi Giôùi haïn Coù
thích
2.41
SYSTEMS FROM A FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Sales and Marketing Systems
Major functions of systems:

• Sales management, market research,
promotion, pricing, new products
Major application systems:

• Sales order info system, market research
system, pricing system
2.42
Sales and Marketing Systems
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL
ORDER PROCESSING ENTER, PROCESS, TRACK ORDERS OPERATIONAL
MARKET ANALYSIS IDENTIFY CUSTOMERS & MARKETS KNOWLEDGE
PRICING ANALYSIS DETERMINE PRICES MANAGEMENT
SALES TRENDS PREPARE 5-YEAR FORECASTS STRATEGIC
Table 2-2
2.43
Manufacturing and Production Systems

• Scheduling, purchasing, shipping,
receiving, engineering, operations

• Materials resource planning systems,
purchase order control systems,
engineering systems, quality control
systems
2.44
Manufacturing and Production Systems
MACHINE CONTROL CONTROL ACTIONS OF EQUIPMENT OPERATIONAL
COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN DESIGN NEW PRODUCTS KNOWLEDGE
PRODUCTION PLANNING DECIDE NUMBER, SCHEDULE OF PRODUCTS MANAGEMENT
FACILITIES LOCATION DECIDE WHERE TO LOCATE FACILITIES STRATEGIC
Table 2-3
2.45
Overview of Inventory Systems
Figure 2-10
2.46
Financing and Accounting Systems

• Budgeting, general ledger, billing, cost
accounting

• General ledger, accounts receivable,
accounts payable, budgeting, funds
management systems
2.47
Financing and Accounting Systems
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE TRACK MONEY OWED TO FIRM OPERATIONAL
PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS DESIGN FIRM'S INVESTMENTS KNOWLEDGE
BUDGETING PREPARE SHORT TERM BUDGETS MANAGEMENT
PROFIT PLANNING PLAN LONG-TERM PROFITS STRATEGIC
Table 2-4
2.48
Human Resource Systems

• Personnel records, benefits,
compensation, labor relations, training

• Payroll, employee records, benefit
systems, career path systems, personnel
training systems
2.49
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT TRACK TRAINING, SKILLS, APPRAISALS OPERATIONAL
CAREER PATHING DESIGN EMPLOYEE CAREER PATHS KNOWLEDGE
COMPENSATION ANALYSIS MONITOR WAGES, SALARIES, BENEFITS MANAGEMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES PLANNING PLAN LONG-TERM LABOR FORCE NEEDS STRATEGIC
Table 2-5
2.50
Figure 2-11
2.51
ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS
Business Processes and Information Systems
Business processes
• Manner in which work is organized,

coordinated, and focused to produce a
valuable product or service
• Concrete work flows of material,

information, and knowledge—sets of
activities
2.52
• Unique ways to coordinate work,

information, and knowledge
• Ways in which management chooses

to coordinate work
2.53
Information systems help organizations
• Achieve great efficiencies by automating

parts of processes
• Rethink and streamline processes
2.54
Examples of Business Processes
• Manufacturing and production:

Assembling product, checking quality,
producing bills of materials
• Sales and marketing: Identifying

customers, creating customer awareness,
selling
2.55
Examples of Business Processes
• Finance and accounting: Paying

creditors, creating financial statements,
managing cash accounts
• Human Resources: Hiring employees,

evaluating performance, enrolling
employees in benefits plans
2.56
Cross-Functional Business Processes
• Transcend boundary between sales,

marketing, manufacturing, and research
and development
• Group employees from different functional

specialties to a complete piece of work
Example: Order Fulfillment Process

2.57
The Order Fulfillment Process
Figure 2-12
2.58
Enterprise Applications
• Enterprise systems
• Supply chain management systems
• Customer relationship management
systems
• Knowledge management systems
2.59
Traditional View of the Systems
• Within the business: There are functions,

each having its uses of information systems
• Outside the organization’s

boundaries: There are customers and
vendors
Functions tend to work in isolation
2.60
Traditional View of the Systems
Figure 2-
2.61 13
Enterprise Systems
Figure 2-14
2.62
Benefits of Enterprise Systems
• Firm structure and organization: One

organization
• Management: Firm-wide knowledge-

based management processes
• Technology: Unified platform
• Business: More efficient operations and

customer-driven business processes
2.63
Challenges of Enterprise Systems
• Difficult to build: Require fundamental

changes in the way the business operates
• Technology: Require complex pieces of

software and large investments of time,
money, and expertise
• Centralized organizational
coordination and decision making:
Not the best way for the firms to operate
2.64
Supply Chain Management (SCM)

• Close linkage and coordination of
activities involved in buying, making, and
moving a product
• Integrates supplier, manufacturer,

distributor, and customer logistics time
• Reduces time, redundant effort, and

inventory costs
2.65
Supply Chain
• Network of organizations and business

processes
• Helps in procurement of materials,

transformation of raw materials into
intermediate and finished products
2.66
Supply Chain Management
Figure 2-15
2.67
• Helps in distribution of the finished

products to customers
• Includes reverse logistics - returned items

flow in the reverse direction from the
buyer back to the seller
2.68
How Information Systems Facilitate Supply Chain Management
• Decide when, what to produce, store, move

• Rapidly communicate orders
• Communicate orders, track order status
• Check inventory availability, monitor levels
• Track shipments
• Plan production based on actual demand
• Rapidly communicate product design change
• Provide product specifications
• Share information about defect rates, returns
2.69
Limitations:
• Inefficiencies can waste as much as 25%

of company’s operating costs
• Bullwhip Effect: Information about the

demand for the product gets distorted as
it passes from one entity to next
2.70
• Supply chain planning system: Enables

firm to generate forecasts for a product and
to develop sourcing and a manufacturing
plan for the product
• Supply chain execution system:

Manages flow of products through
distribution centers and warehouses
2.71
Collaborative Commerce
• Uses digital technologies to enable

multiple organizations to collaboratively
design, develop, build, move, and manage
products
• Increases efficiencies in reducing product

design life cycles, minimizing excess
inventory, forecasting demand, and
keeping partners and customers informed
2.72
Collaborative Commerce
Figure 2-16
2.73
Industrial Networks
Private Industrial Networks
• Web-enabled networks
• Link systems of multiple firms in an

industry
• Coordinate transorganizational business

processes
2.74
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
• Manages all ways used by firms to deal with

existing and potential new customers
• Business and Technology discipline
• Uses information system to coordinate entire

business processes of a firm
2.75
• Provides end-to-end customer care
• Provides a unified view of customer

across the company
• Consolidates customer data from multiple

sources and provides analytical tools for
answering questions
2.76
Figure 2-17
2.77
Knowledge Management Systems
• Creating knowledge
• Discovering and codifying
knowledge
• Sharing knowledge
• Distributing knowledge
2.78
Chapter 7
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS IN THE
ENTERPRISE
2.79

C7 - Information System in Enterprise

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C7 - Information System in Enterprise

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Chapter 7

Các hệ thống thông tin quản lý

Các loại HTTT trong tổ chức (Types of Information Systems)

Các loại HTTT trong tổ chức

• Basic business systems that serve the operational

• Caáu truùc cuûa TPS tröïc tuyeán (on-line)

Caùc söï kieän/ Bieåu

• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa heä

Types of TPS Systems

Knowledge Work Systems (KWS):

Example: Engineering work station

Chöông trình MIS

Management Information System (MIS):

Example: Annual budgeting

Management Information System (MIS)

Management Information System (MIS)

• Structured and semi-structured decisions

• Report control oriented

• Past and present data

• Lengthy design process

• Vaán ñeà ñaët ra

Caùc moâ hình

Chöông trình DSS

• Ñaëc ñieåm cuûa DSS

• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa HT DSS

Decision Support System (DSS):

Example: Contract cost analysis

Decision Support System (DSS)

Decision Support System (DSS)

OAS data MIS data DSS models

CSDL moâi tröôøng/

Chöông trình ESS

Ñoà thò Baùo caùo

• Ñaëc ñieåm caùc thaønh phaàn cuûa ESS

Executive Support System (ESS):

Example: 5-year operating plan

Executive Support System (ESS)

Executive support system (ESS)

• Top level management

• Designed to the individual

• Ties CEO to all levels

• Very expensive to keep up

• Extensive support staff

• Chuyeân gia laø nhöõng ngöôøi coù kieán

• Caáu truùc chung cuûa

Maùy suy luaän Nhaø quaûn

• Ích lôïi cuûa ES

• So saùnh DSS vaø ES

Ñaëc ñieåm DSS ES

• So saùnh DSS vaø ES (tt)

Sales and Marketing Systems

Major functions of systems:

Major application systems:

Sales and Marketing Systems

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL

ORDER PROCESSING ENTER, PROCESS, TRACK ORDERS OPERATIONAL

MARKET ANALYSIS IDENTIFY CUSTOMERS & MARKETS KNOWLEDGE

PRICING ANALYSIS DETERMINE PRICES MANAGEMENT

SALES TRENDS PREPARE 5-YEAR FORECASTS STRATEGIC

Manufacturing and Production Systems

Major functions of systems:

Major application systems:

Manufacturing and Production Systems

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL