MOHIT ROHATGI B.

E, E&TC ROLL- 28

1.Introduction of Wireless Sensor Networks 2.Example of WSN 3.What are wireless sensor networks 4.WSN Components and Architecture 5.Characteristics 6.Advantages and Disadvantages 7.Applications 8.Design Challenges and Future of WSN

-Wireless Sensor Networks are networks that consists of sensors which are distributed in an ad hoc manner. -These sensors work with each other to sense some physical phenomenon and then the information gathered is processed to get relevant results -Wireless sensor networks consists of protocols and algorithms with self-organizing capabilities.

Networks of typically small, batterypowered, wireless devices.

On-board processing,

P Communication, and O Sensors Sensing capabilities. W Storage Processor E Radio R

Low-power processor.
Limited processing.

Memory.
Limited storage.

Radio.
Low-power. Low data rate. Limited range.

Sensors.
Scalar sensors: temperature, light, etc. Cameras, microphones.

Power.

Sensor Node Gateway Base Station

Wireless

Sensor Network Architecture

Wireless Sensor Networks mainly consists of sensors. Sensors are low power limited memory energy constrained due to their small size. Wireless networks can also be deployed in extreme environmental conditions and may be prone to enemy attacks. Although deployed in an ad hoc manner they need to be self organized and self healing and can face constant reconfiguration.

Military and national security application Area Monitoring Industrial Monitoring

Medical Application
Structural Monitoring

Much cheaper to deploy than wired sensors Sensor nodes can be added or removed easily Node location can be changed without rewiring Can be configured into different network topologies
Star, Mesh, etc.

 It is very easy for hackers to hack it as

we cant control propagation of waves. Comparitively low speed of communications. Gets distracted by various elements like Blue-tooth. Still costly at large.

Distributed Processing
The algorithms need to be centralized as the processing is

carried out on different nodes.

Low Bandwidth Communication

The data should be transferred efficiently between

sensors

Heterogeneity
The devices deployed maybe of various types and need to

Utilization of Sensors

collaborate with each other. maximum performance and use less energy.

The sensors should be utilized in a ways that produce the

Better lighting and heating in office buildings. The Pentagon building has used sensors extensively. Sensors controlling appliances and electrical devices in the house.

Wireless sensor network has the potential to trigger the next revolution in computing. While its applications and potential benefits can spread far and beyond, and could finally break the barrier between physical and digital worlds to allow disappearance of computation.

 The emergence of wireless sensor

networks can finally bridge the gap between physical and digital worlds, with the effect as if to establish nervous system for the physical world. It also allows measurement and monitoring in the way that is much closer to the phenomenon than ever before, resulting in continuous and high fidelity of data collected

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