Khoa s phm

L lun & phng php dy hc i hc

TS. Tn Quang Cng
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Phn I

Tng quan cc vn l lun dy hc h

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Cc vn chnh:

Ngi hc v Ngi dy Mc tiu dy hc Ni dung dy hc Qu trnh dy hc Phng php dy hc

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Ngi hc
Ngi trng thnh

Ngi c nh hng ngh nghip Ngi c kh nng t hc, t NC Ngi c nhu cu, kht khao sng to

Theo UNESCO:
-C nng lc tr tu, kh nng sng to v thch ng

- C kh nng hnh ng (k nng sng)

- C nng lc t hc, t NC, hc tp sut i - C nng lc quc t, hi nhp
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Bn c nhn xt g v m hnh trn?

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v m hnh ny?

K nng ni v vit tt Kin thc gii ton c bn Cng ngh thng tin T duy ph phn

Sng to v thch ng
T gic v linh hot Cnh tranh lnh mnh

Cc k nng c bn

Hiu bit VH v QHQT

Kh nng nh gi
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Lm vic nhm

C kh nng ra quyt nh
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Ngi dy
Ngi c nng lc NCKH

Ngi c nng lc s phm Ngi c nng lc pht trin ngh Ngi c nng lc chn on, nh gi, t vn

NGI DY = CHUYN GIA CA VIC HC V DY!

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VAI TR NGi dy v ngi hc

(Truyn thng)
Kin thc v kinh nghim chuyn mn T hc, t hc cch ging dy.

Ging vin

ging
Sinh vin c
chp

Nghin cu v hp tc nghin cu vi cc ng nghip

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>>>
(hin i)

?
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Mc tiu dy hc

Mc 3, iu 39, Lut GD 2005 RN LUYN:

- NNG LC T DUY
-NNG LC HNH NG, GII QUYT VN - NNG LC THCH NG 4/30/2012
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Ni dung dy hc

Mc 1, iu 40, Lut GD 2005 YU CU: -TNH HIN I V PHT TRIN - M BO C BN V CHUYN SU - TNH CP NHT
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Phng php dy hc

Mc 2, iu 40, Lut GD 2005

YU CU: -GN VI THC TIN, NGNH NGH O TO - TNG CNG PHT HIN, GII QUYT VN - A DNG - TCH HP CNG NGH
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QU TRNH dy hc
Truyn thng
ND dy-hc

Hin i
ND dy-hc

Dy Dy
(truyn t)

Hc
(Lnh hi)

Truyn t

Cng tc

T iu khin Lnh hi T iu khin

Hc

iu khin

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iu chnh

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D-H

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Pht trin tri thc v nng lc t duy (logic, tru tng, t iu chnh, ph phn, sng to)

Pht trin nng lc nghin cu v gii quyt vn

Tng cng kh nng hc tp c lp v lm vic hp tc Xy dng phong cch lnh o v qun l

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Qu trnh hc quan trng hn Mn hc ?

To ra thi quen tr tu, k nng phn tch vn , kh nng tip thu, din t, t chc, x l thng tin
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thng tin

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ph t

th

gi

hy a ra 5 hnh nh n d v gi hc! ngi dy cn c th lm g ngoi vic dy trong gi dy hc ???

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Phn II

cc phng php dy hc h

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Phng php ng C hay khng?

C ?

Ti sao?
khng?
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1. Khi nim PPDH

Khi nim phng php (methodos) Khi nim Hc Dy QT dy-hc PP dy hc: t hp con ng, phng thc
hot ng hp tc gia ngi dy v ngi hc nhm gii quyt mc tiu, nhim v dy hc

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Phng php ?

Php tc lm vic g
(T in Hn-Vit, o Duy Anh NXB Minh Tn, 1931)

Cch thc nhn thc, nghin cu hin tng ca t nhin v i sng x hi H thng cc cch s dng tin hnh mt hot ng no
(T in ting Vit, Hong Ph ch bin NXB KHXH, H Ni, 1994)

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2. Bn cht ca
PPDH

Mc ch, mc tiu dy hc
Phng thc tip lnh trong dy hc c tnh tng tc gia cc ch th trong dy hc
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3. Cu trc ca PPDH

Qui np
Din dch

H thng nguyn tc

H thng k nng

Kt hp qui np v din dch

H thng k thut, cng c, phng tin

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4. Yu cu la chn PPDH

Mc ch, mc tiu dy hc Ni dung, nhim v ca tng bi hc c im tm sinh l la tui, trnh , kh nng ca ngi hc Trnh o to, nng lc l thuyt, thc hnh, tay ngh, phm chtca ngi dy Phng tin CSVC
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Phn III

Thit k gi dy hc (k hoch dy hc)

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1. Dy hc hiu qu
- c xy dng trn nguyn tc t th hin, sng to ca ngi hc v ngi dy trong qu trnh to ra cc sn phm gio dc ca mt lnh vc tri thc, hot ng - ngi hc t hnh thnh ngha, mc ch, ni dung ca vic hc, ch ng, sng to tham gia vo qu trnh dy-hc
Ngh thut cao c ca ngi thy l khi dy nim vui trong s din t v nhn thc sng to - Albert Einstein 4/30/2012 30

Kiu DH Tiu ch DH truyn thng Truyn t ni dung DH Tip nhn tri thc mi Cu trc Tun th tuyt i k hoch ra Cc hot ng Gii thch chnh Nghe, ghi, nh Tip cn ni dung Kim tra nh gi u ra
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Cch DH ca bn? DH hiu qu T chc H To ra SP sng tao ???

Mc ch

???

Mm do, linh hot

T chc, K, G NC, phn tch Nhiu quan im ??? ???

Theo quan im c

nh r trong gio trnh

Ti to, tr li ni dung S tng ng vi chun

cho cng mt V
??? Gii thiu SP mi S thch ng vi tnh hung ???
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ra

2. Yu cu ca DH hiu qu
- Dy hc bng chnh cc hot ng hc tp ca ngi hc - Dy hc hng vo rn luyn v pht trin PP t hc, t nghin cu ca ngi hc - Dy hc c th ho trong hot ng hc hp tc, tng tc - Dy hc da trn nh gi (ngi dy) v t nh gi (ngi hc)
Ngh thut cao c ca ngi thy l khi dy nim vui trong s 4/30/2012 32 din t v nhn thc sng to - Albert Einstein

S tm tt
Xc nh nhu cu
Xc nh MT Xc nh ND

La chn HT, PPDH

PP dy (Ngi dy) PP hc (Ngi hc) nh gi kt qu nh gi cI tin

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Nguyn tc dy hc hiu qu - S tham gia tch cc ca NH - S tham gia trc tip ca NH - Dy hc c mc tiu c th - Tnh hung tch cc - Gn kt thng tin (ni dung) - Phn hi tch cc - Kim sot theo di

- MI trng an ton
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3. Nhim v
- Xc nh mc tiu - Phn hng th bc cho cc ni dung dy hc (Ni dung no l tri thc ct li, c bn, b tr) - La chn v p dng cc PPDH hp l, hiu qu - La chn v a ra nhim v, vn theo hng m - La chn tiu ch nh gi ph hp (Theo tiu ch ca B.Bloom)
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4. Lp k hoch dy hc
- Xy dng h mc tiu - Cu trc li chng trnh - Thit k cc hnh thc t chc, phng php dy hc - Thit k cc hnh thc kim tra nh gi, tiu ch nh gi - T chc m bo CSVC

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5. Lp k hoch bi dy
- Xc nh mc tiu
- Xc nh ni dung trng tm - La chn phng php, PT dy hc, t - Xy dng , cc bc trin khai

gio ntra nh gi liu, ti liu b tr, hnh thc kim

- Vit kch bn (gio n)

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S qu trnh chun b bi ging

Chun b bi ging Mc tiu bi ging Phn b ni dung V d minh ho Danh sch cu hi Th t thao tc

Phng tin h tr
Hnh thc nh gi
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Cc iu kin khc

Ging bi

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S k hoch trin khai bi ging

Mc tiu
Ni dung 1 Ni dung 2 Ni dung 3

Vn 1
Hot ng 1

Vn 2

Vn 3

Vn 4

Vn 5

Hot ng 2

V d 1 V d 2
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M u bi ging

Mc ch: Thu ht ch ,tp trung, khi dy hng

th, thit lp khng gian, mi trng hc tp, lin kt ni dung c, mi

K thut:

- Gii thiu, lm quen... - Gii thiu mc ch, mc tiu kho hc, bi hc - Gii thiu khi qut nhng vn then cht - a ra qui tc lm vic -Thng bo lch trnh lm vic Ch : Thc hin chuyn tip vo phn sau nhp nhng
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Thuyt trnh
Mc ch: Thng bo s kin, l thuyt, khi nim, nguyn l
Chun b:
- Xc nh i tng, trnh ngi hc - Xc nh mc tiu thuyt trnh - Xc nh ni dung, vn - Thit k cu trc thuyt trnh - Chun b PT h tr (trc quan, tI liu)

Tin hnh:
- M u (gy ch , gii thiu, cu hi, khi qut ni dung, lin h...) - Trnh by (sp xp thng tin logic, ngn ng, phn b thi gian...) - Kt ni, cng c (theo trt t thi gian, khng gian, nhn qu, ch ..) - Kt thc (nhn mnh, tng kt, lin h, nh gi, kim tra...)
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tia chp

Mc ch: - Kch thch t duy - Gi m, nh hng vo bI hc Qui trnh: - Ngi dy nu cu hi (vn ngn) - Ngi hc tr li nhanh - Ngi dy tng kt, cht vn Lu : - Cu tr li nhanh, ngn gn - Khng bnh lun cu tr li v d: Lm th no t con voi vo t lnh? Bt dng lm g?
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Lm vic nhm

Mc ch: - Kch thch t duy c lp, khuyn khch cc kin - To c hi c tham gia ngang nhau - Rn k nng giI quyt vn Qui trnh: - Thng bo v giao nhim v (chi tit): ni dung vn , iu kin, thi gian, cch thc thc hin - Chia nhm - Nhm lm vic - Nhm trnh by kt qu - Cht vn Lu :
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tnh hung

Mc ch:
- Tng cng nng lc sngto, k nng gii quyt vn , ra quyt nh, tng hp s kin, tip cn di nhiu gc

Qui trnh: - Son tho tnh hung (c vn , st thc, kh thi) - Gii thiu tnh hung

- Gii quyt mu thun ca tnh hung (c nhn, nhm, tp th)

- Tho lun, nh gi, tng kt Lu :

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Lm th no qua c b bn kia sng?

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ng vai

Mc ch: Rn luyn kh nng c lp gii quyt tnh hung vn

, k nng giao tip, tng tnh t tin, kch thch hng th

Tin hnh:
- Chun b vai din (tnh hung kch tnh) - Giao nhim v (phn vai, hng dn) - Tp din - Th hin vai din (biu din) - Tho lun v vai din - nh gi, tng kt vai din
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Ly kin chuyn gia

Mc ch: - Kch thch t duy - Tng hiu qu giao tip hc tp (ngi dy-ngi hc) - To kh nng m cho ni dung Qui trnh: - Nu vn - Gii thiu chuyn gia (ngi dy, khch mi, ngui hc) - Ngi hc t cc cu hi lin quan n vn - Thu thp, phn loi cc cu hi - GiI p cc cu hi (ring l hay theo cm ni dung) - Tng kt Lu : - X l s b cu hi (cu hi qu kh, xa vn , s lng 4/30/2012 48 cu hi)

b c

Mc ch - To c hi tho lun su v mt vn - Khuyn khch ngi hc t th hin - To bu khng kh hc tp thoI mI, thn thin
Qui trnh - Nu nhim v (tng t nh lm vic nhm) - Xy dng B c - c lm vic, khn gi tham gia - Tng kt Lu - Tm l e ngi
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Phn IV

vn nh gi gi dy

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Cn ti...!!!

Ti sao phi nh gi? Ai s nh gi? Khi no nn tin hnh nh gi? Cn nh gi ni dung no? nh gi bng cch no?

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trn trng cm n!

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