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What is Philosophy?
Philosophy comes from two Greek words philos, which means love, and sophy, which means wisdom. love of wisdom. Refers to the general beliefs, concepts, and attitude possessed by an individual or group.
What is the origin and what is the structure of the universe? What or who is God? What are the relations among God, humankind, and the universe?
the most general concepts to the most specific examples. b. Inductive reasoning thinking proceeds from the most specific examples to the most general concepts and attitudes possessed by an individual or group
Example:
Deductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning
I am mortal You are mortal We are humans Therefore humans are mortal
EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY
Perennialism
The universal truths. The primary goal of school is for students to learn what others have created and to use this knowledge in their lives.
15% of the time), (2) Socratic seminars in which the teacher uses directed questioning to help students arrive at desirable answers (15%-20% of the time), and(3) coaching in which the teacher coaches students in the academic subjects (60% to 70% of the time).
Essentialism
What should be taught?
The essentialist believes there are certain basic or essential knowledge, skills, and understanding students should master.
Business, banks, manufacturers, retailers, and others provide input to the institutions of education, detailing the strengths and weakness they see in high school graduates.
Why should this material be taught? How should this material be taught?
the teacher is considered the repository of knowledge to be transmitted. The role of the students is to learn the content and skills being taught and to to demonstrate their mastery of them on achievement tests, often in the form of standardized test that are used to make local, regional, statewide, and national comparisons.
Progressivism
To the progressivist, the purpose of education is to prepare students to be lifelong learner in an ever-changing society.
How should this material be taught? What should the teachers role be?
The progressivist teacher is a facilitator, a resource person, and a co-inquirer.
Existentialism
Existentialism focuses on the existence of the individual
What should be taught? Who should decide what should be taught? Why should this material be taught?
How should this material be taught? What should the teachers role be? What should the students role be?
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