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SEMENAR CHUYN

CH : ng Dng Ca Probiotics Trong Sn Xut V Bo V Con Ngi


GVHD: NGUYN HU HIP NHM SV THC HIN 1. Ph Cng Ch 2. Th Kiu Dim 3. Lng Ngc Hn 4. Bi Th Trc Linh 5. L Trng Ngha 6. Phm Hong Nam 7. Nguyn Thnh Tm 8. L Thy Quyn 9. V Th Dim Ngc 3096809 3096811 3092397 3096831 3096840 3096837 3092437 3092504 3092425

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A.t vn B.Ni dung bo co I. Gii thiu chung v probiotics II. Cc loi vi khun thng c trong probiotics III. C ch hat ng ca probiotics IV. Vai tr ca probiotics V. Nhng hn ch v ri ro VI. Li ch v tim nng VII. Tnh hnh s dng probiotic Vit Nam C. Kt lun

A. t vn

Khi nghe ni c vi khun trong thc phm, nhiu ngi thng git mnh lo lng. Tuy nhin, khng phi l ni kinh hong v v sinh an ton thc phm nh lm tng m l mt xu hng mi trn ton th gii: B sung hng t nhng vi khun c li Probiotics vo ch dinh dng hng ngy tng cng sc khe. Vy probiotics tc ng nh th no ln k ch cng nh vi sinh vt xung quanh mi trng c probiotics. y l vn m nhm chng ti t ra tin hnh seminar ny nhm tm hiu k hn v thut t probiotic

Sn phm probiotics

I. Gii thiu chung v probiotics


1.

Khi nim v probiotic

Theo nh ngha ca T chc y t th gii (WHO), Probiotics l nhng vi sinh vt cn sng, khi c a vo c th mt lng y s c li cho sc khe ca k ch. Ni cch khc: Probiotic l s b sung vo khu phn (cho ngi v vt nui) bng nhng vi khun (VK) v men c li tng cng qu trnh chuyn ha thc n hoc ngn nga mt s bnh ng rut. Bng cch , vi sinh vt (VSV) thng c dng l VK lactic (hai chng c s dng ph bin nht l Lactobacillus v Bifidobacterium)

2. Lch s ca Probitics
Khong 2500 nm trc cng nguyn, s tiu th sa chua (mt sn phm sa ln men) c ng h duy tr sc khe tt (Chopra v Doiphode, 2002) u th k XX, E.Metchnikoff (Nga) ln u tin pht hin tc dng tt ca mt vi VK v ng cho rng c th iu chnh qun th VSV trong rut, c th thay th nhng VSV c hi bng nhng VK c ch. A.Nissle (c) nm 1917 phn lp mt chng Escherichia coli Nm 1935, ngi ta pht hin mt s chng l Lactobacillus acidophilus c hot tnh mnh khi a vo ng rut ca ngi.

II.Cc loi probiotics thng c s dng


1. Bifidobacterium Cc vi khun bn ny c nhiu li ch nh lp hng ro c ch s pht trin ca nhng vi khun gy bnh, cnh tranh v ch , thc n vi cc tc nhn gy tiu chy nh Rotavirus chng hn. Cc vi khun ny lm gim nhim trng ng tiu ho, gim cholesterol, tng cng sc khng chng li nhim trng, tng hp thu v tiu ha cc cht m, tng hp sinh t nhm B, K Thng s dng nh Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium longum cng c s dng trong ch phm probiotics.
Bifidobacterium bifidum

2.Lactobacillus
a. Lactobacillus acidophilus - Lactobacillus acidophilus l mt probiotic xy ra t nhin trong ng rut ca con ngi v trong m o. - Lactobacillus acidophilus c kh nng sng 2 ngy trong dch v, 5 ngy trong dch mt tinh khit, 8 ngy trong dch trng. - Lactobacillus acidophilus sn xut acid lactic v cc cht dit khun nh lactocidin, ngn cn s xm nhp v c ch s tng sinh ca cc vi khun gy bnh, gip cho c th khng vi nhim khun ng rut. - Lactobacillus acidophilus ng vai tr sinh l quan trng nh tng hp cc vitamin. - Lactobacillus acidophilus c kh nng bn vng vi 40 loi khng sinh.
Lactobacillus acidophilus

b. Khun Lactobacillus casei


Lactobacillus casei l vi khun xut hin t nhin trong ming v rut. N gip kim sot tiu chy, h tr chc nng min dch v lm gim hi chng rut kch thch (IBS). Ngoi c nhiu trong sa chua, Lactobacillus casei c tm thy nhiu trong pho mt ln men t nhin, liu xanh, da chua, da chut.

Lactobacillus casei

c. Lactobacillus sprorogenes
C kh nng sinh ra lactic acid, acid ny d dng c hp thu hon ton v c tnh phn ng min dch. Theo mt s bo co th khi s dng Lactobacillus sprorogenes liu cao (360 triu bo t/ngy) s c kh nng lm gim cholesterol c hi trong mu.

Hnh nh c th [ cu trc]:

d. Lactobacillus kefir:

L vi sinh vt c y cc c tnh cu men vi khun c li. Trong thnh phn ca Lactobacillus kefir c cha cc cht khong, acid amin quan trng gip c th chng hi phc sc khe. Tryptophan l mt trong nhng acid amin quan trng c nhiu trong Lactobacillus kefir, c tc dng an thn. Lactobacillus kefir c cha nhiu Ca v Mg, l nhng khong cht rt quan trng cho h thn kinh Lactobacillus kefir cung cp Phosphorus, Carbonhydrate, cht bo v cc protein gip t bo c th pht trin v duy tr nng lng.

Lactobacillus kefir

e. Lactobaccillus casei Shirota

C tc dng hn ch cc vi sinh vt c hi v nui dng cc vi sinh vt c li trong ng rut, tng cng sc khe cho h tiu ha v min dch. ng dng: - Tng vi khun c li gim vi khun c hi. - Hn ch s hnh thnh cc cht c hi, c t, cht gy t bin. - Ci thin cc hot ng ca ng rut. Lactobaccillus casei - Ngn nga s nhim trng rut. Shirota - iu tit h min dch. - Km hm s hnh thnh v pht trin ca cc t bo ung th.

f. Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Lactobacillus bulgaricus kch thch p ng min dch h tiu ha, tng dung np Lactose, sa; ng thi kt hp vi Lactobacillus paracasei kch thch sn sinh khng th IgA trong lp nhy rut, c ch s nhn ln ca virus, ngn s thm thu ca vi khun vo khoang h thng, trung ha c t vi khun.

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

3. Cc loi khc
Streptococcus lactic -Vi khun ny pht trin tt nht trong sa v mt s mi trng pha ch t sa, y l loi vi khun hiu kh. Nhit thch hp pht trin tt nht l 30 350C. c tnh sinh ha quan trng ca chng l ln men glucose, galactose, lactose, dextrin, nhng khng ln men saccharose.

Streptococcus lactic

b. Streptococcus cremoric

Pht trin tt 20 250C. Chng lm cho sa ng t nhng cng lm cho sa b nht. Chng thng cho sn phm c mi d chu v lm cho sa c chua thp hn, thng dng trong ch bin b.
Streptococcus cremoric

III. C ch hat ng ca probiotics


1. Tc dng khng khun ca probiotics Lm gim s lng vi khun ngn chn cc mm bnh. Tit ra cc cht khng khun. Vi khun probiotic to ra cc cht a dng m c ch c vi khun Gram dng v Gram m, gm c cc acid hu c, hydrogen peroxide v cht dit vi khun lm bng vi khun. Nhng hp cht ny c th lm gim khng ch nhng sinh vt mang mm bnh c th sng c m cn nh hng n s trao i cht ca vi khun v s to ra cc c t.

2. Tc dng ca probiotics trn biu m rut


y mnh s lin kt cht gia nhng t bo biu m Gim vic kch thch bi tit v nhng hu qu do b vim ca s ly nhim vi khun. y mnh s to ra cc phn t phng v nh cht nhy.

Tc dng ca probiotics trn biu m rut

3. Tc dng min dch ca probiotics


Probiotic nh l phng tin phn pht cc phn t khng vim cho ng rut. y mnh s bo hiu cho t bo ch lm gim p ng vim. To p ng min dch lm gim d ng Trong thc nghim, ngi ta thy ng vt th nghim c b sung vi khun lactic tng kh nng chng li bnh truyn nhim ng rut kh r rt.

4. Tc dng ca probiotics n vi khun ng rut


Probiotic iu chnh thnh phn cu to ca vi khun ng rut. Chng to nn s cn bng tm thi ca h sinh thi ng rut Vi khun probiotic iu ha hot ng trao i cht ca sinh vt ng rut. Probiotic c th lm gim pH ca b phn tiu ha v c th theo cch s gy cn tr cho hot ng tit ra enzyme ca sinh vt ng rut.

IV.Vai tr ca probiotics 1. Trong bo v sc khe con ngi


a. Probiotics i vi h vi sinh vt ng rut ngi
Tc dng tch cc ca probiotic trong ng rut ngi: Tc dng tiu ha v chuyn ha Tng hp Vitamin Vai tr chng khun Phn hy cc cht c
Hnh minh ha v tc dng ca probiotics

b. Tng cng min dch chng li nhng bnh nhim trng ng tiu ha

Probiotics c chng minh l c th nng cao kh nng min dch v sc khng ca rut bng cch tc ng tch cc ln mt s chc nng ca h min dch ti y gip chng ta bo v sc kho trc cc tc nhn gy bnh t bn ngoi. Probiotics gip y li cc vi khun gy bnh ng rut, sinh si v chim ch cc vi khun gy hi, c ch kh nng gy hi ca chng, gip cn bng h thng vi sinh c trong ng rut. Probiotic gip bo v nim mc rut, gip ngn nga s tn cng ca cc vi khun c hi, lm gim c tnh ca cc cht c c trong thc n, gip h thng min dch, kch thch hot ng ca enzym tiu ho thc n.
Thit k ch phm sinh hc phng nga nhim trng ng rut

c. Probiotics ngn nga tiu chy do thuc khng sinh gy nn

L do dng probiotic iu tr tiu chy l cc vi sinh vt ny c th iu ha h vi khun ch ng rut v tc ng trc tip trn tc nhn gy bnh. Cc probiotic c dng nh mt cch khi phc s cn bng vi sinh b gin on bi cc khng sinh v s nhim trng.

Hnh nh siu vi Rotavirus, mt trong nhng "th phm" gy bnh tiu chy

yaourt

cp

Probiotics dng vin

d. Kt hp vi Prebiotic sn xut thc phm chc nng


Prebiotics c xem l thc n ca nhng vi khun sng c li cho sc khe. Cc vi khun m prebiotic kch thch l Bifidobacterium hay Lactobacillus Prebiotic c coi l thc n l tng cho cc vi khun tt, gip tng cng hot ng ca Probiotics

Synbiotic

Synbiotic l s kt hp gia hai thnh phn Prebiotic v Probiotic. S kt hp u im ca Prebiotic & Probiotic lm cho Synbiotic c chc nng ni bt l kh nng tng cng vi khun tt ti ng rut (Probiotic) v cung cp thc n gip vi khun tt pht trin mnh m v chim u th (Prebiotic)

Thc phm chc nng Synbiotic

e. c ch vi khun gy let d dy HELICOBACTER PYLORY


Nhiu cng trnh nghin cu cho thy rng chng khun probiotic c tc dng c ch s pht trin ca khun Helicobacter pylori trong iu kin in vitro, in vivo v c th nghim trn ngi Probiotic c ch khun Helicobacter pylori c th theo nhng c ch sau: Cnh tranh v tr gn Cnh tranh v dinh dng Vi khun Helicobacter hnh thnh cht nhy. Kch thch s Pylory Hnh thnh cc hp cht khng khun nh acid lactic, Vi khun Helicobacter Pylory acid acetic, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocin, trong nin mc rut c ch hot tnh urease.

f. Probiotics v cc sn phm ln men sa i vi sc khe ngi

Sa bt c cha Probiotics

Cc sn phm ln men truyn thng nh da ci, da chua,da kiu, da hnh cha mt lng vi khun lactis ln tt cho ng rut. Yagurt hay sa chua ln men l mt thc n ngon ming ng thi cng l mt thc phm chc nng y tnh b dng. Gn y ngi ta c khuynh hng thm vi khun c li vo sa bt cho tr nh gi th cn bng ca hProbiotics trong sa chua vi khun ng rut

g. Probiotics i vi ph n mang thai v tr s sinh


Probiotics c hiu qu i vi ph n mang thai trong khng cc vi khun m o v cc d ng thng thng Gim tc dng ph ca vic dng khng sinh trong sn khoa, nguy c sinh non do nhim khun m o, gip ph n nhanh chng ly li vc dng sau khi sinh Ngn chn nhim khun lin cu nhm B (GBS) khi mang thai Nhng nghin cu khoa hc cng ch ra rng, ngi m khe mnh vi mt ch dinh dng tt trong c b sung Probotics hng ngy s cho ra i mt em b khe, gim thiu nhng e da ca bnh tt nh: bnh i tho ng, au tim

2. Trong nng nghip


a. Probiotics ng dng trong nui trng thy sn S dng probiotic cho hai mc ch: lm thc n cho thy sn v lm sch mi trng nc l nhng hng ng dng mi ca khoa hc cng ngh trong nui trng thy sn hin nay. Cc tc ng ca probiotics ln h thy sn l: Tng cng phn hy cc cht hu c Gim nng Nit v Phospho Kch thch sinh trng ca to Kim sot amoni, nitric hydro sunfua Gim nguy c mc bnh v tng nng sut tm, c.

Thc n cho tm

b. Tc dng thay th thuc khng sinh iu tr tiu chy heo con

Probiotics c coi l sn phm y ha hn cho vic phng nga v iu tr bnh tiu chy nh kh nng n nh h vi sinh vt ng rut, n nh s tit cht nhy ng rut - l hng ro bo v c hc chng s ph hoi ca vi sinh vt c hi i vi biu m rut.

c. Probiotics ng dng lm thc n gia sc


Khi b sung Bacillus subtilis cho g s lm tng trng lng c th v tng cng chuyn ha thc n - S dng c sn chua lm thc n cho gia sc - S dng b khoai m lm thc n cho gia sc - Hai loi sn phm ln men t b khoai m sng: ProBio-S v Bio-E. + Bio-E l ch phm dng bt kh, c to ra bng cch cy chng nm mc hu ch A.Niger ln b khoai m vi t l 2g mc/kg b. +Cn ProBio-S li l ch phm dng lng, c sn xut bng cch B khoai m ti Sn phm lm t b khoai cho b ti vo nhng bao ti ln ri cy ch phm EM-S cha nhiu chng vi sinh vt hu ch nh Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., m Saccharomyces sp

3. Trong cng nghip


Probiotics ng dng trong cng nghip thc phm
a. Sn phm rau ci ln men Nguyn liu: bp ci, c ci, da v 1 s rau ci khc. Vi sinh vt c s dng: ch yu l vi khun Lactic (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus cucumeris, Streptococcus faecalis, Pedioccus cerevisiae).

b. Sn phm sa ln men
Vi khun lactic l nhm vi khun quan trng nht i vi cng nghip ch bn sa. Cc vi khun tiu biu: Streptococcus Latic, streptococcus Cremoris, cc vi khun sinh hng,... Ngoi ra cn c vi khun propionic. Sn xut sa chua cn c: Sa nguyn liu ( sa ti, sa c c, sa bt, sa hon nguyn hoc sa ti ch. Ngun vi sinh vt (ch yu l vi khun lactic). Trang thit b, mt s ph gia v cng ngh sn xut: sn xut sa chua.

Sa chua

V. Nhng hn ch v ri ro

Probiotics an ton cha c nghin cu k lng v mt khoa hc Probiotics v mt l thuyt c th gy nhim trng cn c iu tr bng thuc khng sinh, c bit l nhng ngi c iu kin sc khe tim n Chng cng c th gy ra cc hot ng khng lnh mnh trao i cht, kch thch qu nhiu ca h thng min dch, hoc chuyn i gen (chn vt liu di truyn vo t bo).

VI. Li ch v tim nng


iu ho trng hp khng dung np lactose phng c ung th kt trng Lm gim cholesterol Ci thin chc phn min dch v phng nga nhim trng Ci thin hp thu khong VK trong probiotic c tc dng ngn nga s pht trin VK gy bnh vim rut

Hin nay Vit Nam ang y mnh vic nghin cu sn xut probiotic phc v cho con ngi,dng trong chn nui v nui trng thy sn. Trong chn nui v nui trng thy sn do sn phm tinh ch th gi thnh cn cao nn nc ta hin nay vn s dng ngun nguyn liu ch yu l cc loi ph phm ca ngnh nng nghip dng B.subtilis iu tr bnh i lng, dng mt s tho dc trong cha bnh ng rut, kch thch tiu ho... cng l dng probiotic, hy vng trong tng lai gn s c nhiu sn phm mang nhng thng hiu ni ting nh cc nc

VII. Tnh hnh s dng probiotic Vit Nam

C. Kt lun

Nghin cu pht trin v ng dng probiotic vo cuc sng l mt cng vic cn c quan tm v u t nhiu hn na. C nh vy mi tip tc hon thin probiotic em li hiu qu cao hn, cht lung cuc sng ngy c cao hn, an ton hn p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao v kht khe ca chng ta. C th ni , y l bn cht t nhin trung ho bn cht t nhin, l s tc ng thn hu ca con ngi vo t nhin nn m ra mt chin lc pht trin bn vng v an ton

Ti liu tham kho


Cng ngh sinh hc tp nm ( GS.TS. Phm Vn Ty, TS V Nguyn Thnh) http://vi.wikipedia.org http://vietsciences.free.fr/thuctap_khoahoc/than htuukhoahoc http://Tailieu.vn Vi sinh vt hc GS.TS Nguyn Ln Dng

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