Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Time (Months)
Impact of Demand on Energy Cost
Example – compare two monthly electric bills
Energy consumption in September is up by
4,720 kWh (which is 10.62%)
Total cost in September is up by P32,025.10
(which is an increase of 10.025%)
Month Usage Total Cost
August 44,440 kWh P319,443.00
2006 94.04 kW
September 49,160 kWh P351,468.10
2006 100.04 kW
Impact of Demand on Energy Cost
What might cause the dramatic increase in
cost?
Imagine a 25 kW load on for 5 hours and
coinciding with the peak demand interval:
Incremental energy charge: 25 kW x 5 hours =
125 kWh x P5.4744 = P684.30
Incremental demand charge: 25 kW x P443.36
= P10,834.00
Loadscontributing to peak demand can
have a dramatic impact on total energy
cost!
Impact of Demand on Energy Cost
A demand profile for individual loads can help
determine which loads contribute to the peak
400
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Demand (kW)
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Time (Hours)
Other Energy Cost Elements
Time of Use (TOU)
Energy consumption and demand charges may
change at different times of the year and/or day
Seasonal – rates change with time of year
Lights
50%
Plug
Power
35% Plug
Power
20%
Knowing our Basic Electrical System
Load
Motors / Equipments
Lightings
Ref / Air-conditioning
Understand Where Energy is Used
An energy audit is
the process of
recording key site
data that influences
energy use
Key parameters
include:
Utility billing data
Major load parameters
Influencing factors
(weather, production)
Benchmarking
Benchmarking is the process of comparing energy use
against some reference metric
Internal comparison: compare one billing period
against another, or one site against another
External comparison: compare a building or
production process against best practice metrics in
the same industry
Energy data must be normalized for an “apples-to-
apples” comparison
Account for differences in weather, floor space, etc.
Measureme
nt
BC Hydro $7.28 / m2 140 to 260 40 to 100
kWh / m2 W / m2
benchmark
Traditional Energy Management
Energy management practice over the past several
decades has normally involved:
Identifying inefficient equipment and procedures;
Ex 1)In case of 15% control、BeONE stops compressor 4 minutes & 30 seconds in 30 minutes
Time 0 30
Condition works normally works normally
of Air-con Control
4.5minutes
Time 0 15 30
Condition works normally works normally work norm ally
Time 0 30
AC unit works normally
No 1 Control
4.5minutes
Time 0 30
AC unit works normally works normally
No 2 Control
4.5minutes
Time 0 30
AC unit works normally works norm ally
No…X Control
4.5minutes
I am Demand
I am Compressor. Controller. I have to
Please help me…BeONE…!!! stop you compulsory.
I can’t stop suddenly…
Ex)In case of 15% control program and 3 minutes protection time under such an environment that
Air-con been stopped 10 minutes by thermostat.(No one expects when thermostat is activated)
Time 0 10 13
Condition Re-starting works normally
of Air-con stopped by thermostat control
4.5 minutes
Ex) If Air-con stopped more than 15 minutes, priority operation will be set 20 minutes.
(BeONE do not control 20 minutes)
Time 0 15 30 5
Condition works normally works normally
of Air-con
stopped more than 15mins control
4.5 minutes
Next 30mins (session)
■ Power control
■ Monthly consumption
Thank You!
Have a nice day