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NI DUNG THUYT TRNH

1. Khi qut chung 2. Phn loi 3. Cu to ca bm 4. Nguyn l lm vic 5. Tnh ton bm 6. u v nhc im ca bm 7. Cc h hng thng gp 8. Cc ch khi s dng bm piston

KHI QUT CHUNG Bm piston l loi chuyn dng trong sn xut, hot ng nh to lc ht v lc y hon ton da vo hnh trnh nn v x ca piston trong xylanh. Dng cho cc h thng thy lc c p sut cao ng dng: Bm nc. Bm dung dch Bm ho cht

Piston hng trc


Piston tc dng kp

Piston a nghing

Piston hng knh

Piston bm lu lng

Theo cch b tr xylanh Theo cc tc dng

Bm thng ng Bm nm ngang Bm tc dng n Bm tc dng kp Bm tc dng ba Bm tc dng bn Bm piston a Bm piston tr Bm lu lng nh: Q<15 m3/h Bm lu lng TB: Q=1560 m3/h Bm lu lng ln: Q=60 m3/h Bm c p sut thp:P<10 at Bm c p sut TB: P<1020 at Bm c p sut cao: P<20 at

PHN LOI

Theo cu to piston Theo lu lng

Theo p sut

CU TO CA BM PISTON

Bm piston l bm th tch i din c bn. Cc chi tit ch yu ca bm piston gm c : Piston Xylanh Hp van Van ht v y

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Piston
L c cu hp vi xylanh to ra chn khng trong xylanh v y cht lng ra ngoi. Piston chu lc y v ht cht lng, tng kn v hn ch s r r cht lng gia cc khoang cng tc khc nhau, ngi ta lm cc rnh trn piston lp pht, secmng hoc i khi khng lp secmng ty theo mc ch s dng bm khc nhau. C 2 lai piston : Hnh tr v hnh a.

Piston hnh tr c secmng

Piston hnh a c pht kn

Piston hnh tr c rnh khng secmng

Xylanh
C dng hnh tr, c lm bng b mt cng tc. Cht lng nhn b mt, kch thc di v ng knh xylanh ph thuc vo nhu cu v p sut v tc lm vic ca bm

Xylanh c th l loi ri hoc c c lin vi v bm, thng c ch to t gang, thp hoc hp kim.

Hp van v van
Hp van v van l mt t hp cc chi tit c lp ni vi piston xylanh cng tc, cho php cht lng chuyn ng theo chiu sp t. Yu cu i vi hp van: -Chc chn v tin cy. -C kch thc ti thiu. -C qun tnh nng h van nh -Cho php tn tht thy lc qua van nh nht -Tin li tho lp. Chu mi mn v khng b ph bi mi cht. Tui th cao.

Cu to van: Rt a dng nh hnh nm, bi cu, cnh ca thng c ch to t kim loi, bc da, cao su, vi hoc cht do.

Cu to mt vi van ca bm piston
a/ Van hnh m b/ Van bi cu c/ Van bn l ( Cnh ca)

Axial Piston Pump (piston hng trc)

Radial piston design

Bent axis design

Bent axis variable displacement design

NGUYN L LM VIC
Bm piston l mt my thu lc, trong nng lng c hc ca ng c truyn cho cht lng nh mt qu nn (gi l piston) chuyn ng tnh tin qua li trong xylanh. Ta xt cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca bm piston tc dng n v bm piston tc dng kp

Bm piston tc dng n
4 5 6 13 7 S 8 9 10 2 B 3 A 1 11 12 R

Qu trnh ht: Khi trc quay ca bm quay c nh truyn ng ca lc bn ngoi theo chiu kim ng h, ko piston 1 dch chuyn tnh tin xung di trong xylanh 2, to ra chn khng trong xylanh 2 v hp van, van ht 4 m ra, ht cng cht vo trong xylanh 2 v hp van 3. Qu trnh y:Trc quay tip tc quay theo chiu kim ng h, piston chuyn ng tnh tin theo chiu i ln p cng cht trong xylanh v hp van, van ht ng li v van y m ra, piston tip tc chuyn ng ln y cng cht i ra theo ca y. Nh vy mi vng quay ca trc quay bm thc hin c 1 qu trnh ht v mt qu trnh y.

Bm piston tc dng kp
7 4 2 4 1 11

B S=2R

6
3 10 9

6
5 Pa

TNH TON BM PISTON


Lu lng bm:
A,Lu lng trung bnh ca bm piston Qtb:

Q D 4
tb

.S .n

D : Kch thc ng knh piston xylanh S : Hnh trnh piston trong xylanh n : S vng quay trong n v thi gian Nu mt bm piston c i hiu lc ( i: Xylanh cng tc cng lai trn mt ng c) 2
D .S .i.n Qtb 4

Trn thc t lun c s r r ca cht lng, do vy phi tnh n Q. Cng thc tnh lu lng trung bnh s l :

D . S .i.n Q tb 4
2

Q: Hiu sut lu lng ca bm

B,Lu lng tc thi Qtt:


xt s bin thin v sn lng ca bm piston ta thy Q=A.V Tit din xylanh :A =

D
4

= const

V: Vn tc piston trong xylanh


Do V l khng u trong hnh trnh S. Nn sn lng ca bm piston l khng u v nh gi s khng ng u ca lu lng, ngi ta a ra h s khng ng u, c tnh bng t s gia lu lng tc thi cc i v lu lng trung bnh cho mt chu k ca bm.

q q

max

trungbinh

V V

max

trungbinh

Vmax= R.w Vtrungbnh=Rw:

Vi w: l tc khuu quay R : Bn knh khuu quay

Rw
Rw

3,14

c/ H s khng ng u ca bm piston 2 hiu lc:

Q
2

m ax

D
4
max

Rw

2 D S .n trungbinh 4
2

Q Q

1,57

S: Hnh trnh piston = 2R

trungbinh

d/ H s khng ng u ca bm piston 3 hiu lc:

1,047

4.5 Ct p ca bm trong qu trnh y: Ct p ca bm ph thuc vo sn lng v p sut cng tc. i vi bm piston gi tr sn lng v p sut bin thin theo thi gian v ph thuc tc quay n.
Khi bm thc hin qu trnh y, nh piston chu 1 p lc P (p lc y) v k t nh piston tr ln ti mt thong y to thnh mt ng dng lin tc. Pa, h=const

H day

f t , n
day

t- Thi gian n- Tc quay

S tnh ct p y ca bm piston
P
a

S=2 R

S- Hnh trnh bm
X-Qung ng chuyn ng ca bm piston trong xilanh h- cao hnh hc y

Ct p ca bm trong qu trnh ht:


Gi tr ct p ht bin thin theo thi gian, ph thuc vo tc quay n v qung ng piston thc hin c:

H hut

f t , n
hut

4.8/ Cng sut v hiu sut ca bm:


a/ Tnh theo th cng ch th:Gi s qua gin cng ch th ta tm c p sut pi ca bm. Lc :

Ni

p . D 4
i

.Z .n

pi- p sut ch th bnh qun D- ng knh piston Z- S piston xylanh trong 1 bm

dongco

bom= cokhi.thuyluc.luuluong n- S vng quay.


b/ Tnh theo ct p o c: phut- Gi tr p sut tuyt i ti ca ht pday- Gi tr p sut tuyt i ti ca y. N i .Q. H i 2 2 -Trng lng ring ca cht lng ti p p pday hut vday vhut sut Hi 2g v- Tc trung bnh cht lng. h- cao hnh hc i vi 1 mt chun Ni Ni no c xc nh N dongco cokhi thuyluc luuluong g- Gia tc trng trng

bom

U V NHC IM CA BM PISTON
u im : C kh nng t ht tt, to c ct p cao. C hiu sut cao v tn tht lu lng nh. C th thay i th tch lm vic, vi cng mt tc quay c th thay i lu lng khc nhau. Ph hp khi cn c p sut cao. Gim c s dao ng trong mch thy lc khi lm vic p sut cao. Nhc im: Kt cu kh phc tp, trng lng v kch thc ln. Lu lng v p sut khng u, hn ch nhc im ny ngi ta thng trang b thm bnh iu p trn ng y. Gi thnh cao.

SO SNH C BM PISTON V LY TM
Bm piston v bm li tm khc nhau c bn v nguyn l v nguyn tc hot ng

Bm li tm Bm piston Hot ng theo nguyn tc thy Hot ng theo nguyn tc th ng lc, to nn ct p ng tch to ct p tnh.
Chi tit ch yu ca 1 bm li tm l 1 bnh cnh, trn c cc cnh. Bnh cnh lp trn 1 trc quay, thong c lai trc tip bi ng c in. Cc chi tit ch yu ca bm piston gm c piston, xylanh, hp van ht v hp van y. Do chuyn ng qua li ca piston trong xylanh m qu trnh ht, y xy ra nh s gii phng hoc thu hp khng gian cng tc trong xylanh.

CC H HNG THNG GP
Hin tng Nguyn nhn Bm khng cp Van ht cha m Li lc pha ht qu bn c cht lng Van ht b knh hoc treo C vt cn trong ng ht Cc van ht , y m cha ht Cc van khng ng kn c Bm lm vic Tc li lc hoc ng ht vi sn lng Khng kh lt vo bm thp Secmen km, r lt cht lng nhiu H hng cc l xo hp van, van an ton khng kn Cc chi tit ca bm lp khng ng k thut Piston qu mn, vng quay ca bm khng Bm lm vic Thiu bi trn h thng truyn ng vi cng sut Lp rp hp gim p khng ng quy cch cao hn bnh Vng quay ca bm qu cao, kt cc chi tit ng thng Cc bulong p thit b lm kn qu cng lp rp ko ng k thut, tc nghn ng y

CC CH KHI S DNG BM PISTON

Trc khi khi ng ta phi via th vi vng bng tay xem bm c b kt khng Kim tra du m bi trn cc v tr cn thit Kim tra v m, ng cc van cn thit cho mc ch s dng tht chnh xc Kim tra nhm thit b truyn ng ca bm (nu c) Xem xt k tnh hnh bn ngoi, chc chn khng c g cn tr bm lm vic nh k kim tra van an ton, trnh kt cc van

Sau khi tin hnh kim tra, ta cho bm lm vic, trong thi gian lm vic ta cn theo di:

Cc ch s lm vic ca bm Kim tra du m bi trn Nu bm lm vic vi bnh iu ha th phi nh k x bt khng kh nn n mc thch hp Kim tra nhit thn bm Khi xut hin cc du hiu khng bnh thng ta phi tm nguyn nhn v khc phc

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