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DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : J Srinivasa Rao
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : D.A.E.I.E
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic, Kothagudem
Year/Semester : VI Sem
Subject : Analytical Instrumentation
Subject Code : AEI-603
Topic : Analysers
Duration : 50 Min
Sub Topic : Zirconia gas analyser
Teaching Aids : PPT, Pictures
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OBJECTIVES

After the completion of this period you will be able


to know

• Principle

• Construction and Working of Zirconia gas analyser

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Recap

In the previous topic we have studied about

• Principle construction and working Paramagnetic gas

analyser. Now we are going to see about Zirconia gas

analyser.

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• Oxygen in the flue gases may be monitored by probe
type analyzers that are inserted directly into high
temperature flue streams.
• Zirconium oxide (Zro2) stabilized by the traces of
materials such as CaO or Yb2O3 has a crystal structure
containing cation vacancies or holes.
• At temperatures of around 15000C, oxygen ions tend to
migrate into holes, causing vacancy (hole) to be
displaced.

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Zirconium gas analyser

Fig 1
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• If platinum electrodes are placed on opposite sides of
ZrO-2 lattice and the temperature of the lattice is
controlled at high temperature, the voltage difference
between the electrodes will indicate the difference in
partial pressure of oxygen between the two sides.

• If the oxygen partial pressure is controlled on the


reference side, a mill volt signal proportional to the
difference between the oxygen pressures is generated.

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• At 8160C the magnitude of the signal is given by the
Nernst equation

Pr
E = 0.054 log
Ps

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Where Pr and Ps are the partial pressures of

oxygen on the reference side and sample sides

respectively.
• Cathode reaction : O2 + 4e-  2O2-

• Anode reaction : 2O2-  02 + 4e-

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• This oxygen sensor can be operated at or above flue gas

temperatures and provides a strong output signal

specific to the oxygen content of the gas.

• The sensor is rugged enough for service in the severe

environment of a hot flue stream.

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Summary
• Zirconium oxide (Zro2) stabilized by the traces of
materials such as CaO or Yb2O3 has a crystal structure
containing cation vacancies or holes.

• At temperatures of around 15000C, oxygen anions tend


to migrate into holes, causing vacancy (hole) to be
displaced.

• This oxygen sensor can be operated at or above flue gas


temperatures and provides a strong output signal
specific to the oxygen content of the gas.

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Quiz

The following material will have cation vaccancies


• CaO
• Yb2O3
• All of the above
• None of the above

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Frequently asked questions

• Explain about the principle construction and working of

Zirconia's gas analyser

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