DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : M.Venkata Rao.
Branch : Electronic and communication.
Designation : Lecturer.
Institute Name : Bptc,bapatla.
Year/semester : III Semester
Subject : Electronics-I.
Subject code : EE-305.
Topic : Passive components.
Duration : 50 min.
Subtopic : losses in inductors & transformer.
Teaching aids : PPT, Animations, screen shots.

EE305.8 1
 Objectives

Upon the completion of this topic the student will be able

to know

•Losses in Inductors and Transformers.

(a) Copper Loss.
(b) Core Loss.

EE305.8 2
 Copper Loss

• This is due to resistance of wire.

• It is expressed as I2R

I = Current in the winding in amps

R = Resistance of wire in ohms
(6) This can be minimized by thicker guage of wire.
(7) The copper loss comes under variable losses.

EE305.8 3
Copper Losses

EE305.8 4
Power Losses
EE305.8 5
Hysteresis Loss

EE305.8 6
Eddy Current Losses

EE305.8 7
Flux Losses

EE305.8 8
 Core Loss
Three types
(2) Flux Loss
(3) Eddy Current Loss
(4) Hysteresis Loss
Flux Loss :
• This is due to all the flux produced in the primary of
transformer do not pass to the secondary.
• The flux lines that does not pass to the secondary
causes flux loss .
• This is reduced by suitable core material .
EE305.8 9
 Eddy Current Loss

• When changing flux cuts the core of the transformer

emf is induced in the core material resulting small local

currents called Eddy current loss.

• The flow of eddy current in the core produces a loss

similar to I2R loss.

• This loss can be reduced by using thin strips of silicon

EE305.8 10
steel as core material.
 Hysteresis loss

• On the frequency of the applied voltage the core material

gets magnetized and demagnetized and changes
polarity a number of times in one second.

• This change of polarity is opposed by magnetic friction

called Hysteresis and so represents a loss.

• This can be reduced by using soft iron & silicon steel as

core material.

EE305.8 11
 summary

Copper loss: This loss is due to the resistance of

wire. Expressed as I2R.
Flux loss: The Flux lines that does not pass to the secondary
causes flux loss .
Eddy current loss: The flow of eddy current in the core
produces a loss similar to I2R loss.
Hysteresis loss: The change of polarity of core magnetization
results Hysteresis loss.

EE305.8 12
 Quiz

1. Hysteresis loss can be reduced by using

(a). Soft iron

(b). silicon steel

(c). A and B

(d).None
EE305.8 13
2. Copper loss is due to

(a). Resistance of wire

(b). Inductance of wire

(c). Both

(d). None

EE305.8 14
 Frequently asked Questions

1. Explain the losses in inductors & transformers?

3. What is eddy current loss?

5. What is Hysteresis loss?

EE305.8 15