PRESENTATION ON

Bluetooth.

USMAN AKHTAR
BS(it) 07-17

10/21/08 1
Bluetooth Was Originally a Cable-
Replacement Technology
Bluetooth Working
• Radio Frequency Hopping
Local Area (1600 Hps)
Network Communication • 2.4GHz Frequency Range
(LAN) • RF Interface
• 720 Kbps – 4 Mbps
Wireless
Phone
Network • Challenge-Response
Scheme
Authentication • SAFER+
• None/One-way/Mutual
• Needed for encryption

• Optional
• Symmetric Stream Cipher
Encryption
• Negotiable Key Size (8-128 bits)
• Clock dependent
Bluetooth Technology Works

 Bluetooth is a short range wireless digital standard

aimed at linking cell phone,computer up to 30 feet.

 Unlike infra-red, Bluetooth does not require line-of-

sight positioning of connected units.

 bluetooth networking transmits data via low-power

radio waves. it communicates on a frequency of 2.45
gig hertz (actually between 2.402 ghz and 2.480
ghz,to be exact).
Bluetooth Technology Works
 Bluetooth uses a technique called frequency hopping
that makes it rare for more than one device to be
transmitting on the same frequency at the same time.
The walls in your house won't stop a Bluetooth
signal.

 When blue tooth capable devices come with in the

range of each either ,an automatic conversation take
place to determine whether they have data to share,
they form a minimum network called personal area
network or piconet.
Connection Establishment in Bluetooth
STANDBY

PAGE PAGE SCAN INQUIRY INQUIRY

SCAN

MASTER SLAVE INQUIRY

RESPONSE RESPONSE RESPONSE

CONNECTION

 BLUETOOTH State Transition

Diagram
Connection Establishment States

 Connection: the device is connected to the piconet as a master

or slave.
 Page: device has issued a page. Used by the master to activate
and connect to a slave. Master sends page msg by transmitting
slave’s DAC (device access code) in different hop channels.
 Page Scan: device is listening for a page with its own DAC
 Master response: master receives a page response from a
slave. The master can enter the connection state or return to the
page state to page for other slaves.
 Slave response: a slave responds to a page from the master. If
connection setup succeeds, device enters connection state,
otherwise page scan state
 Inquiry: device has issued an inquiry to find the identity of the
devices within range
 Inquiry scan: device is listing for an inquiry
 Inquiry response: a device that has issued an inquiry receives
an inquiry response
Connection State Machine

Inquiry Page

Standby Connected

Transmit data

Park Hold Sniff

Typical Bluetooth Scenario
 Bluetooth will support wireless point-to-point and point-
to-multipoint (broadcast) between devices in a piconet.
 Point to Point Link
– Master - slave relationship m s
– Bluetooth devices can function as masters or slaves
 Piconet
– It is the network formed by a Master and one or more
slaves (max 7)
– Each piconet is defined by a different hopping channel
to which users synchronize to m

– Each piconet has max capacity (1 Mbps)

s s s
Technical features
Spread Spectrum (Frequency Hopping)
Connection Type & Time Division Duplex (1600
hops/sec)
2.4 GHz ISM Open Band (79 MHz of
Spectrum
spectrum = 79 channels)
Modulation Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
Transmission Power 1 mw – 100 mw
Data Rate 1 Mbps
Range 30 ft
Supported Stations 8 devices
Data Security –Authentication
128 bit key
Key
Data Security –Encryption Key 8-128 bits (configurable)