IADCS Diploma Course Object Oriented Programming

U Nyein Oo COO/Director(IT) Myanma Computer Co., Ltd(MCC)

OOP?
Software Development Technique  Effective use of programmer productivity  Way of Creating Large Scale Systems  Approaching 100% solution


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Advanced Java Programming

Basic Concepts
Object  Class  Inheritance  Polymorphism  Encapsulation  Data Abstraction

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Object
A Person, Place or Concepts  Composed of Characteristics (data) and Behavior (Operation)  Can operate directly on its data  Interact sending message to each other


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Advanced Java Programming

Class
Structure that contains common data and function as entity for objects  Each object is an instance of a class


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Advanced Java Programming

Inheritance


The mechanism that permits a class to share the attributes and operations defined in one or more classes

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Advanced Java Programming

Inheritance(cont)


Subclass

The class which inherits from another class

Super class

The class from which another class inherits its behavior

Multiple Inheritance

A subclass inherits from two or more classes

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Advanced Java Programming

Polymorphism


The property that allows an operation to have different behavior on different objects

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Advanced Java Programming

Encapsulation


The process of binding data and methods together is known as encapsulation

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Advanced Java Programming

Data Abstraction
The process of identifying and grouping attributes and actions related to a particular entity as relevant to the application a hand.  Advantages - It focus on the problem - It identifies the essential characteristics and action - It helps the eliminate unnecessary details.

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Access Specifiers
Public  Private  Protected


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Advanced Java Programming

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Method Modifiers


Static  Abstract  Final  Native  Volatile

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Use of Modifiers
Modifier Public Private Protected Abstract Final Native Volatile
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Method Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No

Variable Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes

Advanced Java Programming

Class Yes Yes(nested) Yes(nested) Yes Yes No No

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Construction
The process of bringing an object into existence is called construction  A construction - Allocates memory - Initializes attributes, if any - Enables access to attributes and methods

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Constructor (cont)


Explicit constructor User defined constructor in class definition Implicit constructor Default constructor which is provided by JVM

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Destruction
The process of deleting an objects is called destruction  A destructor - Frees allocated space - Disable access to attributes and methods


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Advanced Java Programming

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Method Overloading
In the same class and same methods name  But in different parameters and data types  Form of compile time polymorphism


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Advanced Java Programming

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Method Overridden
In the super class as well as subclass  Allows general classes to specify methods that will common to its subclass  Form of runtime polymorphism


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Abstract class and method

There is no code in abstract class and method  Must be declared as abstract type  Can not instantiated  At least one abstract method in class


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Writing Abstract class and Method

abstract class GraphicObject { int x, y; ... void moveTo(int newX, int newY) {... } abstract void draw(); }

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Interface
A special kind of a class which consists of only the constants and the method prototypes  Practically is Java substitute of multiple inheritance  A class can implement multiple interfaces

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Interface Vs Abstract Class

Feature Multiple Inheritance Default implementation Interface A class May implement several interfaces. An interface cant provide any code at all Static final constants only Abstract Class A class may extend only one abstract class An abstract class can provide complete code, default code Both instance and static constant are possible A third party class must be rewritten to extend only from the abstract class. 22

Constants

Third party convenience An interface implementation may be added to any existing third party classes
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Advanced Java Programming

Package
The group of classes and interfaces  Can be used other java standard packages  Need to specified class paths for it


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Package and Access Control

Public Same class Same package subclass Same package non-subclass Different package subclass Different package non-subclass Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Private Yes No No No No Protected Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No modifier Yes Yes Yes Yes yes

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Example Java Package

      

Java.lang Java.applet Java.awt Java.io Java.util Java.net Java.rmi.etc

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//Constructor Example
class Constructor_test{ public Constructor_test() { System.out.println("Hello "); } public Constructor_test(String txt) { System.out.println("Hello "+txt); } public static void main(String args[]) { Constructor_test obj=new Constructor_test(); Constructor_test obj2=new Constructor_test(args[0]); } }
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Method Overloading
class Method_overload{ public void Show(){ System.out.println("Hello Myanmar"); } public static int Show(int num){ int a=num+10; return a; } public static void main(String args[]){ Method_overload obj=new Method_overload(); obj.Show(); int num=Show(320); System.out.println(num); } Advanced Java Programming } Copyright: MCC

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Inheritance Example
class Super{ public void Show(){ System.out.println("Hello"); } } class Sub extends Super{ public static void main(String args[]){ Sub obj=new Sub(); obj.Show(); } }

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Method overridden Example

class Super{ public void Show(){ System.out.println("Hello"); } } class Sub extends Super{ public void Show(int num){ System.out.println("Hello "+num); } public static void main(String args[]){ Sub obj=new Sub(); obj.Show(); obj.Show(20); } }
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Example for Constructors

//Constructor and Overloaded Constructor class Me{ public Me(){ System.out.println("Hello Constructor"); } public Me(String arg){ System.out.println("Hello " +arg); } public static void main(String args[]){ Me obj=new Me(); // implicit Me obj1=new Me("OverLoaded Constructor"); } }
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Method and Overloaded Method

//Method and Overloaded Method class Me{ public void Show(){ System.out.println("Hello Method"); } public void Show(String arg){ System.out.println("Hello " +arg); } public static void main(String args[]){ Me obj=new Me(); obj.Show(); obj.Show("Overloaded Method"); } }
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Overridden Method
class Me{ public void Show(){ System.out.println("Hello Method"); } } class Sub extends Me{ public void Show(String arg){ System.out.println("Hello " +arg); } public static void main(String args[]){ Sub obj=new Sub(); obj.Show(); obj.Show("Overloaded Method"); } }
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Generation Interface
//interface example public interface MyInterface{ public void add(int x,int y); }

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Implementing Interface
class Demo implements MyInterface{ public void add(int x,int y){ System.out.println(" "+(x+y)); } public static void main(String args[]){ Demo obj=new Demo(); obj.add(20,30); } }

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Generating Package
package MyPackage; public class Compute{ public int Add(int x,int y){ return (x+y); } public int Subtract(int x,int y){ return (x-y); } public int Multiply(int x,int y){ return (x*y); } public int Divide(int x,int y){ return (x/y); } }
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Applying Package
import MyPackage.*; class PKDemo{ public static void main(String args[]){ Compute obj=new Compute(); int sum=obj.Add(10,20); int sub=obj.Subtract(20,10); System.out.println("the total is "+sum); System.out.println("the minus is "+sub); } }

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