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BASICS OF SWITCHING
AND ROUTING
BY K.SANDEEP 07C91A0481
INTRODUCTION
A COMPUTER NETWORK is a collection of computers, servers,etc which can communicate with each other. Types of NETWORKS: LAN, MAN, WAN
INTERCONNECTIONS
NICs MEDIA
NETWORK DEVICES
SWITCHES ROUTERS
PROTOCOLS
IP
NICs also popularly known as LAN card. NICs translate data produced by computer that can be transmitted over LAN. Purpose is to allocate a user an unique identity in the network through MAC address. It consists of a MAC
address.
A MAC address is a 48 bit address 24bit-by manufacturer 24bit-by the network provider
SWITCHES
A switch is a small hardware device that joins multiple computers together within one local area network(LAN). Technically, network switches operate at layer two (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model. Switches allow different devices on a network to communicate.
FEATURES OF A SWITCH
Turn some particular port range on or off. Full duplex communication. Priority settings for ports MAC filtering and other types of "port security" features which prevent MAC flooding Use of Spanning Tree Protocol. VLAN settings
Server switch
HOST A
HOST B
Here the communication is terms of frames and source & destination address are in terms of MAC
ROUTER
A router or a gateway is a network device that determines the optimal path for transmitting data from network to another. Technically, routers operate at layer 3 (Network Layer) of the OSI model. Routers are used to connect no.of lans in a network to the internet.
Functions of a ROUTER
The main function of a ROUTER is to: Determine a path Forward a packet The data is in the form of packets.
Cont
IPv6
IPv6 is the successor to IPv4. Due to increasing no.of devices to the network day by day, there is a short of address in version 4. IPv6 solved this shortage. No.of bits in IPv6 128
IPv6
Source and destination addresses are 128 bits (16 bytes) in length. Does not require manual configuration or DHCP. Uses host address (AAAA) resource records in DNS to map host names to IPv6 addresses. IPv6 is 128 bits, can support up to 2128 addresses to fulfill future needs with better security and network related features.
CONCLUSION
Network is a collection of end devices to communicate each other. LANs are implemented using SWITCHes. LANs communicate at LAYER 2 i.e., data link layer. The data is in the form of frames and addressing in the form of MAC. Collection of LANs is a MAN or WAN. All the LANs are connected to a ROUTER which is a LAYER 3 device i.e., Network Layer. The data is the form of packets and addressing in the form of IP.
REFERENCES
WEBSITES
WWW.CISCO.COM WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM WWW.earningnetwork.cisco.com WWW.COMPNETWORKING.ABOUT.COM
BOOKS
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE by TODD LAMMLE,CCSI
T H A N K Y O U
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