SCHRAMMS LINEAR MODEL OF COMMUNICATION (1954)

Anne Margareth O.Chavez /BMC III-3

We can accurately think of communication as passing through us changed, to be sure, by our interpretations, our habits, our abilities and capabilities, but the input still being reflected in the output.

Wilbur Schramm (1954)

Anne Margareth O.Chavez /BMC III-3

BACKGROUND
THE PROPONENT

Wilbur Schramm
(1907-1987)

The founder of the

academic field of communication First Professor of communication

Schramms Communication Model

Based on Shannon & Weavers

prior mathematical model. the Fields of Experience Role of Exchangeability Feed back loops

Based on Shannon & Weavers prior mathematical model

. Schramm envisioned this process as a twoway circular communication between the sender and receiver. Where the ShannonWeaver model is a more mathematical and technological one, Schramm incorporates the study of human behavior in the communication process.

Definition of Terms
Encoding

Decoding
Interpreting Message

Source
Destination Signal

Feedback

Schramms Model of Communication

Message Encoder Decoder

Interpreter

Interpreter

Decoder Message

Encoder

Schramms Model of Communication with Feedback

Message Encoder Decoder

Interpreter

Interpreter

Decoder Message

Encoder

Feedback the return process in which the originator of a message also acts as the recipient of a message resulting directly from the first message Tannenbaum
Two Sources of Feedback The message returning to the originator of the first message from the recipient (originated with Ferdinand de Saussure 1915) People are constantly monitoring their personal communication behavior and evaluating it what is sometimes called self-monitoring. * Feedback can initiate from sender or receiver.

Schramms Model of Communication with Feedback

Message Encoder Decoder

Interpreter

Interpreter

Decoder Message

Encoder

Schramms Field of Experience Model

Field of Experience Source

Encoder

Field of Experience Signal

Decoder

Destination

STRENGTHS
The model provides an additional

perspective which is the field of experience Included feedback, context and culture Adapted by other model designers

WEAKNESS

Does not include multiple

levels of communication

Why is this important?

Applying Communication to

Educational Communication Being able to identify noise Helping Create Overlapping fields of experiences

Schramms model for everyday use

gaining attention (reception) informing learners of the objective

(expectancy) stimulating recall of prior learning (retrieval) presenting the stimulus (selective perception) providing learning guidance (semantic encoding) eliciting performance (responding) providing feedback (reinforcement) assessing performance (retrieval) enhancing retention and transfer (generalization).