TOUCH SCREENS

BY G.BHARGAVI

(05951A0405)

WHAT IS A TOUCHSCREEN??
A Touchscreen is a display which can detect the location of touches within the display area. This allows the display to be used as an input device, removing the keyboard and/or the mouse as the primary input device for interacting with the display's content

INTRODUCTION

A basic touchscreen has three main components: a touch sensor, a controller, and a software driver. The ability to interact directly with a display typically indicates the presence of a touchscreen.

TOUCH SENSOR

A touch screen sensor is a clear glass panel with a touch responsive surface. The touch sensor/panel is placed over a display screen so that the responsive area of the panel covers the viewable area of the video screen.

CONTROLLER

The controller is a small PC card that connects between the touch sensor and the PC. It takes information from the touch sensor and translates it into information that PC can understand.

SOFTWARE DRIVER

The driver is a software update for the PC system that allows the touchscreen and computer to work together. It tells the computer's operating system how to interpret the touch event information that is sent from the controller

COMPONENTS

Types of Touch Screen Sensors

There are two main types of touchscreen products

1.External add on touch screens

2.Integrated Touch Screen Monitors

External Add-on touchscreen sensor

Working Principles
A clear touch sensor is placed over the viewable video screen

TECHNOLOGIES
There are a number of types of touchscreen technologies 1.Resistive 2.Surface Acoustic Wave 3.Capacitive 4.Infrared 5.Strain Gage

Resistive

Composed of several layer including two metallic layers separated from each other When metallic layers are connected (touched) they act as like 2 voltage dividers Change in electric current is sent to controller and the location is determined

Surface Acoustic Wave

Uses Ultrasonic waves across the surface When the screen is touched part of the wave is absorbed This allows the controller to determine the position of the touch

Capacitive

Coated with a current conducting material Sensor has a precisely controlled field of stored electrons in horizontal and vertical directions Humans also exhibit capacititance A controller detects when there is a disturbance in the electric field (touch) The controller then determines the location

Infrared

An array of infrared sensors are placed horizontally and vertically The sensors send out pulses of light The sensors detect the interruption of the light The location is then determined by the controller

Strain Gage
Screen is mounted on four springs one at each corner

Deflection of screen when touched is measured by all four strain gages Calculations are made based on each of the four deflections to determine the location of the touch

Building touch screens

There are several principal ways to built a touch screen. The key goals are to recognize one or more fingers touching a display, to interpret the command that this represents, and to communicate the command to the appropriate application.

In the most popular techniques called the capacitive or resistive approach, manufactures coat the screen with a thin, transparent metallic layer Dispersive-signal technology which [3M] created in 2002

DEVELOPMENT

The development of multipoint touch screens facilitated the tracking of more than one finger on the screen, thus operations that require more than one finger are possible . These devices also allow multiple users to interact with the touchscreen simultaneously.

APPLICATIONS
The touch screen is one of the easiest PC interfaces to use, making it the interface of choice for a wide variety of applications

PUBLIC INFORMATION DISPLAYS

A touchscreen can help make your information more easily accessible by allowing users to navigate your presentation by simply touching the display screen.

RETAIL AND RESTAURANT SYSTEMS Touchscreen systems are easy to use so employees can get work done faster, and training time can be reduced for new employees

CUSTOMER SELF SERVICE Self-service touch screen terminals can be used to improve customer service at busy stores, fast service restaurants, transportation hubs, and more

CONTROL AND AUTOMATION SYSTEMS The touch screen interface is useful in systems ranging from industrial process control to home automation

COMPUTER BASED TRAINING Because the touch screen interface is more userfriendly than other input devices, overall training time for computer novices, and therefore training expense, can be reduced

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY The touch screen interface can be beneficial to those that have difficulty using other input devices such as a mouse or keyboard

Cost

Overlay screen $169 - $299 Integrated Touch Screen Monitor

12 LCD $609 17 Monitor $539 42 LCD $4872

Other Applications
Consumer Electronics

Phones PDAs Digital Cameras GPS etc

CONCLUSION
The touch screen interface is being used in a wide variety of applications to improve human-computer interaction . The ability to accurately point on the screen itself is taking yet another step with the emerging hybrids. Also, Touch screens are becoming an increasingly popular way to control mobile phones and other devices

THANK YOU

Any Queries ..??