Vt liu bao b sinh hc

Vn
Theo thng k s b ca B Ti nguyn Mi trng, trung bnh 1 ngy/ngi tiu dng/ti nilon. Nylon: thi gian phn hy 50 nm nh hng khng nh n mi trng. Nha nhit do: 10 ti 30 nm, thm ch l mt th k, mi c th phn hu. t gy nhim khng kh. Chn lp tn t v nh hng ti ngun nc ngm. Hot ng ti ch cn u t thit b my mc t tin, hiu qu kinh t thp. Ch ring nm 1996, th gii s dng 150 triu tn nha nhit do. nhiu nc trn th gii bt u nghin cu polymer t phn hu
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Polyme xanh
Chng c to ra t nhng ngun nguyn liu c th ti to, lm i mi li c nh cy trng Chng phi tr thnh phn bn khi b phn hy

T nhin: c to ra t cc ngun c th hi phc li c, vd: tinh bt, xenlulose.. Tng hp: da vo cc ch phm ca cng nghip du m.
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Bao b sinh hc
Sn phm t nguyn liu t nhin
C th l polyme c tch trc tip t sinh vt. Polyme tng hp t cc monomer c ngun gc sinh hc. Hay cc hp cht hu c thin nhin c bin i
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Bao b t vt liu sinh hc

Tnh chng thm c tnh quang hc Tnh co gin C th ng du hoc in n d dng Khng nhit v ha cht Tnh n nh cng nh thn thin vi mi trng. Gi c cnh tranh Ph hp vi quy nh v bao b thc phm. Tng tc gia bao b v thc phm: phi m bo cht lng v an tan thc phm.
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Vt liu bao b sinh hc - Vt liu t tinh bt

Tinh bt: ng cc, mt s loi c, loi u Polyme phi trn:
Poly(hydroxylalkanoates) (PHA), Polylactic acid (PLA). Thermoplastic tinh bt (TPS).

Vt liu PLA
Nhng vt liu ng gi bng plastic vng chc, sch c s dng phi tha mn: khng t tin, nh, sch, khng thm kh, khng thm nc v du. Sn xut PLA: nguyn liu tinh bt bp.

Sn xut PLA
Bp nguyn liu: xay v cn ng ha thnh cc dextrin Ln men to thnh acid lactic C c: 2 phn t lactic kt hp li thnh cu trc vng: lactid Chng ct: lm sch cc hp cht lactid. Trng hp: to chui polyme mch di. Thm vo cht b sung Vt liu PLA
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Vt liu PLA
PLA d dng b phn hy bi nhng vi sinh vt c trong t hoc khng kh v chuyn ha thnh CO2 v H2O. T nhng nm 90 nha PLA c thng mi ha v c dng trong cy m, ch khu sinh hc v h thng truyn thuc do kh nng t phn hy theo thi gian. Nm 2002, nh sn xut Nature Works (Cargill) thng mi ha nha PLA c th c s dng cho cc sn phm nh chu cy v t lt tr em, lm bao b, v chai nha Cng ty Pira nghin cu cho thy tiu th nguyn liu bao b phn hy sinh hc trn ton cu trong giai on 2005-2006 t 43 ngn tn v s t 116 ngn tn vo nm 2011. Trong s cc nguyn liu c s dng, nha PLA chim n 43% v hn 50 ngn tn s c tiu th vo nm 2011.

Vt liu PHA
Phng php ln men Phng php tng hp Kh nng t phn hy cao v d tng hp. T phn hy thnh C02 v nc trong mi trng sinh vt t nhin.

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Vt liu TPS
Vt liu bng tinh bt c cha cht do chu nhit. c nhng thuc tnh ging nh plastic, TPS c trn vi nhng vt liu tng hp khc. Tinh bt lin kt vi cc polyme tng hp khc, vi hm lng tinh bt c th >50% s to nn cc lai plastic p ng nhu cu th trng.

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Vt liu t cellulose
Ngun nguyn liu phong ph, khng tan trong nc v hu ht cc dung mi hu c. Cellophane (giy bng king): mt trong nhng dng ph bin ca bao b t cellulose, s dng cho nhiu lai thc phm bi tnh chng thm du, kh nng ngn cn s tn cng ca vi khun, tnh trong sut. Cellulose acetate c kt hp vi tinh bt to nn plastic d phn hy bi vi sinh vt Cellulose kt hp vi chitosan to mng c kh nng thm kh v thm nc cao.
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Cc vt liu khc
Plastic t tinh bt c to ra bng cch p n, thi kh v c thnh khun. Cc loi bao b ny thng dng bao gi cc thc phm kh nh socola, ko , bnh. Phi trn gia protein t bp v cc acid bo ngi ta c th to ra mt loi resin bng cch p n thnh mng phn hy sinh hc c u chung hn plastic.Vt liu ny khi t chy cho ra cc cht khng gy c hi. Cc loi mng ny thng dng bao gi cc dng thc phm ng lnh, cc loi bnh, thc n nhanh
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 Cc plastic n c lm t tinh bt v protein, sau khi s dng c th nghin nh ra lm thc n cho gia sc bi thnh phn dinh dng cha trong n kh cao. Plastic t khoai ty : Cc ph phm trong ngnh ch bin khoai ty c th c tn dng lm plastic. Tinh bt t cc ph phm ny c vi khun thy phn thnh ng glucose, sau ln men nh vi khun latic cho ra sn phm l acid latic, sy kh v nghin thnh bt dng to ra mt dng PLA plastic bng k thut p n.

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Cc loi protein dng to mng

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Bao b nha t phn hy

Mng polyme t phn hy Khng gy nhim mi trng Vt liu chnh: nha LDPE (low density polyetylen- polyetylen t trng thp) v tinh bt sn.

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Bao b phn hy sinh hc made in VN

Nhm nghin cu khoa hc tr khoa Khoa hc Vt liu (trng i hc Khoa hc T nhin TP. HCM do ThS. Trng Phc Ngha ch tr cng s ch o ca Ph GS.TS. H Thc Huy tm ra loi vt liu sn xut bao b, ti ng c kh nng phn hy sinh hc. S dng hn hp tinh bt nhit do v nha PVA c s hin din ca khong st Montmorillonite phn tn kch thc nanomt, cng mt s ph gia bin tnh lm ra sn phm bao b, ti ng c kh nng phn hy sinh hc hon ton v nhanh chng, khng gy nhim mi trng.

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Bao b phn hy sinh hc made in VN

Tinh bt nhit do: tnh c l thp, ht m mnh, phn hy qu nhanh Gii php s dng nha PVA v mt s ph gia bin tnh. PVA cng l mt trong s t polymer c kh nng t phn hy sinh hc thc s trong mi trng t to thnh nc v CO2. T hn hp PVA v tinh bt nhit do cho ra i sn phm mang tnh ng dng cao sn xut bao b, ti ng ,v.v
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 Cng ty Tin Thnh TP HCM va cho ra i loi bao b ng thc phm, nc ung s dng
80% nguyn liu chnh l bt bp, khng gy nhim mi trng v t phn hy. 20% cn li ca sn phm l cc ph gia thc phm an ton.

Khc vi hp nha PE, bao b t hy ny c mu ng c trng ca bt bp v mi thm nh bp rang. u im ni bt : chu c nhit cao; c th a c hp ng thc n vo l vi sng hm nng mn n. c im quan trng nht
Sau khi s dng, bao b t bt bp s t phn hy trong mi trng. Nu chn xung t c m cao th thi gian phn hy bao b khong 6 thng.

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Qui trnh to mng: Tinh bt sn Ha tan (vi nc) 412% Phi trn (polyethylene glycol (PEG) 0,1- 0,4%) H ha ( 700C trong thi gian t 5- 25 pht ) Trng mng (b dy vt liu 0.4-0.5 mm Lm kh.

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Yu t quan trng - pht trin nha sinh hc

c tnh vt liu: kh nng bo v an ton sn phm bn trong, kh nng ngn cn kh, ngn cn oxy Gi c hp l Chu trnh ti sinh d thc hin

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Tiu chun chng nhn mt sn phm nha

sinh hc t chun.
Tiu chun cng nghip EN 13432: c chp nhn trn ton th gii, Dng chng nhn mt sn phm nha sinh hc t tiu chun vi th trng chu u. Tiu chun i hi s phn hy ca vt liu sinh hc phi t 90% trong khi vi khong thi gian l 90 ngy th t yu cu.
Tiu chun ASTM D6400: l mt c cu iu khin p dng M, i hi s phn hy phi t t nht khong 60% trong vng 180 ngy trong iu kin my . V th chng nhn phn hy c tm thy trong nhiu sn phm bao b tho mn mt trong hai tiu chun EN 13432 v ASTM D6400.
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