Brain Gate

Presented By Shaik.Reshma

contents
INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE OF BRAIN GATE TYPES OF BRAIN GATE Working procedure SOFTWARE BEHIND Applications CONCLUSION

Introduction
Brain Gate is a brain implant system developed by the bio-tech company Cyber kinetics in 2008 in conjunction with the Department of Neuroscience at Brown University. It is often called as braincomputer interface (BCI) or mindmachine interface (MMI), or sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain machine interface (BMI).

Objective of Brain Gate

The device was designed to help those who have lost control of their limbs, or other bodily functions, such as patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or spinal cord injury.

Types of Brain Gate

One way Brain gate in which Computers either accept commands from the brain or send signals to it Two way Brain gate Allow brains and external devices to exchange information in both directions.

Working procedure
The computer chip, which is implanted into the brain, monitors brain activity in the patient and converts the intention of the user into computer commands.

The activity is translated Into electrically charged signals and are then sent and decoded using a program, which can move a robotic arm, a computer cursor, or even a wheelchair.

Software Behind
The computers translate brain activity and create the communication output using custom decoding software. System uses adaptive algorithms and pattern-matching techniques to facilitate communication. The algorithms are written in C, JAVA and MATLAB.

 When Jeff Stibel was a grad student at the Department of Neuroscience at Brown University, he was fascinated by the profs and fellow students who were working on a project called BrainGate. It aimed to link the neurons of the human brain directly to a computer, so that paralyzed individuals could control a computer and communicate better -- just by thinking.

Applications

In classification of EEG signal. In multimedia communication. In evaluation of spike detection algorithms. Actuated control of mobile robot by human EEG. As a brain controlled switch for asynchronous control. In evaluating the machine learning algorithms.

Conclusion
According to the Cyberkinetics' website, two patients have been implanted with the Brain Gate system. Using the system, called Brain Gate, the patient can read e-mail, play video games, turn lights on or off and change channels or adjust the volume of a television set.

In early test sessions, the patient was able to control the TV and carry on a conversation and move his head at the same time.
The results are spectacular and almost unbelievable.

Brain Gate can help paralyzed people move by controlling their own electric wheelchairs, communicate by using e-mail and Internet-based phone systems, and be independent by controlling items such as televisions and thermostats. Finally BRAIN GATE has proved to be a boon for paralyzed patient .