What is Animation????

The word Animation is generated from latin word Animatio' which means The act of bringing to life. Animation is a technique of producing a moving picure from a sequence of drawings or a puppet poses. It will give a life to a non live object.

12 Principles of Animation
Squash & Stretch Anticipation Staging Straight Ahead Action & Pose To Pose Follow Through & Overlapping Action Slow In & Slow Out Arcs Secondary Action Timing Exaggeration Solid Drawing Appeal

Animation v/s Video

Animation is a simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures. An animation is an animated drawing, cartoon etc. In animation we are giving some effects to particular object. For eg. cartoons Video is a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion. A video is a live recorded motion picture. In video we cant give any effects. For eg. movies

A Brief History of Animation

In 1824, Thaumatrope was invented by John Ayrton Paris

The Phenakistoscope is a toy that was invented in 1832 by a man named Joseph Platue

 The zoetrope appeared first in England in 1834, then France in 1860 and finally the United States in 1867. The Daedatelum" was invented by William George Horner in 1834 and renamed "Zoetrope" by French inventor, Pierre Desvignes.

The first flip book was patented 1868 by John Barnes Linnet

 Muybridge started his photographic compilation of animals in motion in 1872.

The praxinoscope, invented in 1877 by French scientist CharlesEmile Reynaud.

Thomas Edison announced in 1889 his kinetoscope which projected a 50ft length of film in approximately 13 seconds.

 J. Stuart Blackton made the first animated film called Humorous Phases of Funny Faces in 1906

In France Emile Cohl produced a film, Phantasmagorie in 1908 which was the first depicting white figures on a black background.

 Winsor McCay produced a cartoon called "Gertie, The Trained Dinosaur" which amazingly consisted of 10,000 drawings in 1914.

The first feature-length animated film called "El Apostol" is created in Argentina in 1917 by Quirino Cristiani.

Walt and Roy Disney found Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923.

Techniques of Animation
Cel Animation Cutout Animation Clay Animation Puppet Animation 2D Animation 3D Animation

Cel Animation
Use cel (celluloid) for drawing or painting of objects. Cels are photographed one-by-one by a rostrum camera.

Examples of Cel Animated Films

USA, 1940 UK, 1954

Japan, 1988

Cutout Animation
Use a combination of cutout and collage techniques. Produce by moving 2-dimensional pieces of material such as paper, cloth, photos etc.

Examples of Cutout Animated Films

UK, 19691974
France, 1973

USA, 1997

Clay Animation
Use figures made of clay or a similar malleable material.
Figures may have an armature or wire frame inside of them.

Examples of Clay Animated Films

USA, 1986
UK, 2000

UK, 2005

Puppet Animation
Involve stop-motion puppet figures. Figures may have an armature or wire frame inside of them.

Examples of Puppet Animated Films

France, 1937
USA, 1993

USA, 2005

2D Animation
Create/edit on the computer using 2D Bitmap Or Vector Graphics. Focus on Image Manipulation. Use techniques such as tweening, morphing, onion skinning & interpolated rotoscoping.

Examples of 2D Animated Films

USA, 1989
USA, 1992

USA, 2009

3D Animation
Modeled and manipulated by an animator. Focus on building virtual worlds in which characters and objects move and interact. Use techniques such as morphing, rigging, 3d modeling etc.

Examples of 3D Animated Films

USA, 1995
USA, 2008

USA, 2010