ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-II

Presentation On

Waste Water Management

CONTENTS
Introduction Operation & Maintenance Advantages Disadvantages Relative Cost Cultural Acceptability Suitability

INTRODUCTION
Water waste management is the field of handling waste water, to make it suitable to either be recycled into a water system or to be disposed of in an environmentallyconscious manner. Water waste management is one of the larger problems facing most major cities in the modern world, with overflow causing severe pollution problems and increasing population densities stretching existing infrastructure.

Background Conditions
Level of development economic development, including relative cost of capital, labour, and other resources; technological development; and human resource development, and the society as a whole.

Background Conditions
Natural conditions
physical conditions, such as topography, soil characteristics, and type and proximity of bodies of water; climate temperature, rainfall, propensity for thermal inversions, and winds; specific environmental sensitivities of a region. Conditions primarily affected by human activities waste characteristics density, moisture content, combustibility, recyclability, and inclusion of hazardous waste in MSW; and city characteristics size, population density, and infrastructure development.

Background Conditions
Social and political considerations degree to which decisions are constrained by political considerations, and the nature of those constraints; degree of importance assigned to community involvement (including that of women and the poor) in carrying out MSWM activities; and social and cultural practices.

Technical Feasibility
Is the proposed technology likely to accomplish its purpose in the circumstances where it would be used? More specifically, is it technologically feasible and appropriate, given the financial and human resources available?
Amount of waste collected by areas Durability of equipment Preventive Maintenance procedures

Environmental Feasibility
What are the environmental benefits and costs of the practice? Could the environmental soundness of the proposed practice be significantly enhanced by a small increase in costs? If so, do the environmental benefits justify budgeting for these costs?
Extent of pollution of air, soil, emissions etc Amount and % of waste recycled Amount of energy used

Financial Feasibility
Focusing on the financial aspects of the practice, is it the most cost-effective option available? Degree of cost recovery Labour productivity

Socio-Economic Feasibility
Is it practical in the given social and cultural environment?
Service Coverage Working conditions for employees Public satisfaction

Institutional Feasibility
Is the practice administratively feasible and sensible?
Skilled Management Involvement of the informal sector and small and micro enterprises Feedback mechanisms

Policy/Legal Feasibility
How would specific sectors of society be affected by the adoption of this technology or policy? Do these effects promote or conflict with overall social goals of the society?
Degree of decentralization Authorisation for funds Budget allocations for waste management Environmental Laws and Regulations

DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT

WATER AVAILABILITY COLLECTION SYSTEM HOUSING AND POPULATION DENSITY AVAILABILITY OF SKILLED LABOUR AND MANAGEMENT LAND AVAILABILITY CLIMATIC AND SOIL CONDITIONS OPPURTUNITIES FOR REUSE

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Water Availability
If little or no piped water is available, the volume of wastes generated will be minimal, and excreta and other household wastes can be disposed of in household systems

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Collection System
includes septic tanks as well as community sewers

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Housing or Population Density
For dispersed rural homes, central sewage collection facilities are not economical due to the high cost of piping wastewater to the central treatment facility.

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Availability of Skilled Labour and management
The complexity of a treatment technology that a community can expect to operate and maintain successfully is determined by the local availability of skilled labour

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Land Availability
Where land is abundant, low cost natural treatment systems are usually appropriate

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Climatic and Soil Conditions
For subsurface treatment or disposal processes, soil permeability and the seasonal high water table should be known

Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Opportunities for Reuse
Wastewater can be used for street washing, cooling water, other industrial uses, irrigation of feed or fodder crops, landscaping irrigation, separate toilet water flushing systems, or in indirect or direct potable reuse.

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