LEACH module

Outline
Introduction LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) Installation LEACH module

WSN (wireless sensor network)

Sensor node
Sensing Process communication

Sensor node (hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes), ,

sensor power conservation is a critical design issue for routing protocol.

Problem of energy consumption

Sensor node

Base station

Problem of energy consumption (cont.)

Sensor node

Base station

LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)

Employs randomized rotation of the cluster-heads to evenly distribute the energy load among the sensor nodes in the network

LEACH
100 m

~100m
Sensor (Non Cluster Head) Sensor (Cluster Head) Initial Data Aggregated Data

Base Station

LEACH (cont.)
The operation is divided into rounds. Each of these rounds consists of 2 phases: a set-up phase and a steady-state phase. During the set-up phase cluster-heads are determined and the clusters are organized. During the steady-state phase data transference to the base station occurs.

LEACH (cont.)
Cluster-head election process : (the same as LEACH)
A sensor i determines whether to become a cluster head by generating a random number xi (0 xi 1) P,the desired percentage toand compare this value with a threshold T (i )
become a cluster-head; the set of nodes that have not being selected as a clusterhead in the last 1/P rounds. random number

A node becomes a cluster head if the r,the current round xi is less than a threshold T (i )

LEACH (cont.)
clustercluster-headTDMA scheduleclusternon-cluster (time slot)non-cluster cluster-headnon-cluster BS cluster-headadv.sensor nodes sensor nodes cluster CSMAnon-clustercluster clusterBS CDMA

LEACHflow chart

Installation

http://www.internetworkflow.com/download s/ns2leach/

LEACH module

Mobile node

cmu-trace.cc

mac-sensor-timer.cc mac-sensor.cc wireless-phy.cc

Resource-Adaptive node

rcagent.cc

resource.cc ns-ranode.tcl rca-all.cc energy.cc

LEACH
Wireless.tcl Leach

Leach.tcl

ns-leach.tcl

uamps.tcl ns-ranode.tcl

base station

ns-bsapp.tcl ns-resource-manager.tcl ns-energy-resource.tcl ns-neighbor-resource.tcl Resource Adaptive Node extras.tcl stats.tcl

Reference
http://nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw/NetworkSeminar /slides/EDACH.ppt http://www.internetworkflow.com/resource s/ns2leach.pdf http://www.internetworkflow.com/download s/ns2leach/

Final project

ACT : Adaptive Colored Threshold

100 m

100 m

~100m
Sensor (Non Cluster Head) Sensor (Cluster Head) Initial Data Aggregated Data Sensor (Non Cluster Head) Sensor (Cluster Head) Initial Data Aggregated Data

~100m

Base Station

Base Station

ACT scheme
temporal suppressionspatial suppression energy efficientenergy BS

Temporal Spatial (sensor node)

SVsensor node djcluster-head disensor node

Temporal Spatial (BS) (1)

sensor nodesuppression BSBS BSsensor node sensor node :

Temporal Spatial (BS) (2)

SVtemporal sensor nodeBS spatial mb

Simulation

NS2 field of 100 * 100 base station (50 , 170) initial battery capacity of 2 Joules

metrics

Result (heat source module)

Result (heat oscillation module)

Result (wave front module)

Conclusion
proposed the Adaptive Color Threshold (ACT) scheme to provide priority treatments to enhance the efficiency of redundancy suppression temporalspatial sensor node

Thank you

Introduction TEEN
TEEN : Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network protocol
Good for time-critical applications This sensor network model likes LEACH uses a hierarchical clustering scheme Cluster headers broadcast:
Hard Threshold
This is a threshold value for the sensed attribute

Soft Threshold
This is a small change in the value of the sensed attribute which triggers the node to switch on its transmitter and transmit

hierarchical clustering scheme

TEEN

LEACH and TEEN

LEACH
Abstract: Reelect Cluster head (CH) each round
Advantage: Load balance Disadvantage: Data Redundancy

TEEN
Abstract: Hard and soft threshold
Advantage: Reduce similar data to transmit at each node Disadvantage:
Thresholds are fixed node