Introduction to Sociology

LEARNING OUTCOME

Identify the concept of sociology, society, culture. Understand the importance of society development. Appreciate the theory of Karl Mark & Max Weber Understand the Micro and Macro Sociology concepts.

SOCIOLOGY
Socio- (Latin) Common reoccurring social patterns between two or more people. logos- (Greek) method of study SOCIOLOGY is... Social Interactions - two-way communication between: individual - individual individual - group individuals - societies group - group group - society society - society

Why is sociology important?

In hospital administration? Hospital have various kind of patients: Different gender Different race Different religion Different culture Different level of education Have to deal with various level of hospital staff.

Understand the concept of group in hospital and in daily routine Friends Family Religious group Most entire life with group Interaction with people

What is society?

Refers to a group of people who share a defined territory and culture. Collection of interacting individuals sharing the same way of life and living in the same territory.

Status position in society.

When you interacting with a friend, you are likely to be relaxed, informal, uninhibited, but when talking with professor, you are more likely to be a bit stiff and to act in a formal, inhibited way. The status as student differs from status as friend.

Achieved status must do something to gain status. Example; position of doctor is ranked higher than plumber. Roles the expectation of what individuals should do in accordance with their particular status. Because of your status as a student, you act in a certain way that a part of the student role. Role of nurse; in an emergency, must be cool and professional, but their also expected to convey warmth and concern to their patient.

Group- when people interact in accordance with their statuses and roles. A collection of people who interact with one another and have a certain feeling of unity. Primary group Secondary group

i) ii)

What is Culture?

The totally of learn, socially transmitted custom, knowledge, material object and behavior. Cultural differences distinguish societies from one another. Eg: marriage, burial Material culture- every conceivable kind of physical object produce by humans, from spears and plows to cooking pots. Nonmaterial culture- the intangible aspect of culture. Includes knowledge and believe (cognitive component).

Knowledge- collection of relatively objective ideas and facts about our physical and social worlds. Turn into technology, can be used to control the natural environment and to deal with social problem. Beliefs- ideas that are relatively subjective, unreliable, or unverifiable. Examples; the ideas that God controls our lives.

Societal development

Organizational structure can develop through a typical pattern.

For example: all society will begin as hunter-gatherer.

Hunter-Gatherer

Based on the exploitation of wild plants and animals Men hunt animal, women gather wild plants Hunter-gatherers are relatively mobile Have fluid boundaries and composition Usually nomadic why? Very low population densities Have non-hierarchical social structure why? They are nomadic cant store food so full-time leader/king are not supported They prefer egalitarianism (any moral belief that emphasizes the equality of morally-significant beings) Why? they dont have control over food

Key thinkers under Sociology

Karl Marx Max Webber Technological revolution Industrialization urbanization They try to understand what is going on with their life. They came out with different theories different perspective.

Karl Marx

Prepare a platform called Communist Manifesto - argued that the masses of people with no resources other than their labor (whom their referred to as the proletariat) should unite to fight for the overthrow of capitalist society. Society was fundamentally divided between classes. Saw the factory as the center of conflict between the exploiters (the owner of the means of production) and the exploited (the worker). Emphasized the group identification and association that influence an individuals place in society.

Mark Webber

Thought his student should employ Verstehen (German) understand @ insight in their intellectual work.
Must learn the subjective meanings people attach to their action how they view and explain their behavior. Ideal type construct, or made up model, that served as a measuring or against which actual cases be evaluate.

Macro and Microsociology

Macrosociology - large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations Society Divorce rate Microsociology - small group and often uses experimental study in laboratories Small group Small scale interaction What are the role we play Students, friend What are the appropriate behavior for each role

THANK YOU