Slide Chuong5.Machphancuctransistor

1
MCH PHN CC
CA TRANSISTOR
TRNG H PHM VN NG
KHOA K THUT CNG NGH
Chng 5
2
5.1. Gii thiu
Vic phn tch hay thit k mt mch khuch i i hi s hiu
bit v p ng dc v ac ca h thng. Ngi ta thng nhm ln rng
transistor l mt linh kin khuch i tn hiu m khng cn ngun
nng lng cung cp. Thc ra vic khuch i tn hiu ac l t qu trnh
chuyn i nng lng t ngun cung cp dc. Do vic phn tch hay
thit k bt k 1 mch khuch i in t u cha ng 2 phn: phn dc
v phn ac.
Cc mc hot ng dc ca 1 transistor c iu khin bi 1 s
cc thng s bao gm 1 dy cc im lm vic c th c trn cc ng
c tnh ca transistor. Cc dng in dc v cc mc in p dc phi
c xc nh, mt mch in phi c xy dng m n s thit lp
im lm vic mong mun cc mch in ny s c phn tch trong
chng ny.
3
5.1. Gii thiu
Hnh 5.1. c tuyn ng ra ca BJT.
Mt h s phn cc khc
rt quan trng cn ch n: s
la chn v phn cc cho
transistor ti im lm vic mong
mun phi tnh n nh hng
ca nhit . Nhit lm thay
i cc h s nh |ac v dng
in I
CEO
. Nhit cng tng th
dng in I
CEO
tng lm thay i
im lm vic Q.
Do cc mch in phi thit k c s n nh nhit khi
c s thay i nhit th s thay i ca im lm vic l nh nht. S
n nh ca im lm vic c ch nh bi h s n nh S xc
nh mc thay i im lm vic ph thuc vo s thay i ca
nhit .
4
5.1. Gii thiu
i vi BJT vic phn cc hot ng trong vng tuyn tnh
cn phi ch :
1. Mi ni B-E phi phn cc thun vi in p phn cc vo
khong 0,6 n 0,7V.
2. Mi ni B-C phi phn cc ngc vi in p phn cc
nm trong gii hn cc i ca transistor.
5
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
5.2.1. im lm vic tnh v ng ti 1 chiu
Xt 1 tng khuch i n gin nh hnh 5.2.
Hnh 5.2. Tng khuch i n gin.
BJT lm vic ch khuch i tn hiu khi:
- Tip gip J
E
phn cc thun.
- Tip gip J
C
phn cc ngc.
6
* Xc nh im lm vic tnh Q bng th
- T , ta c:
Hnh 5.3. im Q ng vo.
- p dng nh lut Kirchhoff 2 cho ng vo, ta c:
BE B B CC
V R I V + =
B
CC
BE
B
B
R
V
V
R
1
I + =
a. Xc nh im Q ng vo:
gi l ng ti 1 chiu ng vo
ca mch.
ng ti 1 chiu ng vo ct c
tuyn ng vo ti 1 im, gi l im lm
vic tnh ng vo ca mch Q(V
BEQ
, I
BQ
)
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
7
- T , ta c:
Hnh 5.4. im Q ng ra.
- p dng nh lut Kirchhoff 2 cho ng ra, ta c:
CE C C CC
V R I V + =
C
CC
CE
C
C
R
V
V
R
1
I + =
b. Xc nh im Q ng ra:
ng ti 1 chiu ng ra ct c
tuyn ng ra ti 1 im, gi l im lm
vic tnh ng ra ca mch Q(V
CEQ
, I
CQ
)
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
gi l ng ti 1 chiu ng ra ca
mch.
8
Hnh 5.6. im Q thay i theo
R
C
.
Nu dng in I
B
thay i bi cc gi tr khc nhau ca R
B
th
im tnh Q s di chuyn ln hoc di chuyn xung nh hnh 5.5. Nu
in p V
CC
v I
B
gi c nh v in tr R
C
thay i th ng ti s
dch chuyn nh hnh 5.6.
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
Hnh 5.5. im Q thay i theo
dng I
B
.
9
Nu R
C
c nh v V
CC
thay i th ng ti dch chuyn nh
hnh 5.7.
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
Hnh 5.7. im Q thay i theo in p V
CC
.
10
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
5.2.2. ng ti xoay chiu
Ta c phng trnh ng ra ch vi tn hiu ac:
i
C
: Dng in cc Collector i vi c tn hiu xoay chiu v tn
hiu 1 chiu.
0 v ) R // R ( i
ce L C c
= +
ce
L C
c
v
) R // R (
1
i =
Trong :
CQ c C
I i i + =
CQ C c
I i i =
CEQ ce CE
V v v + =
CEQ CE ce
V v v =
i
c
: Dng in cc Collector i vi tn hiu xoay chiu.
I
CQ
: Dng in cc Collector i vi tn hiu 1 chiu.
11
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
Vy phng ng ra khi c ngun tn hiu ac l:
Phng trnh trn chnh l phng trnh ng ti ac ca mch .
) V v (
) R // R (
1
) I i (
CEQ CE
L C
CQ C
=
CQ
L C
CEQ
CE
L C
C
I
) R // R (
V
v
) R // R (
1
i + + =
0 v
CE
=
CQ
L C
CEQ
C
I
) R // R (
V
i + =
Khi th
Khi th
0 i
C
=
CEQ L C CQ CE
V ) R // R ( I v + =
12
5.2. PHN TCH NG TI
Nhn xt: ACLL v DCLL lun lun giao nhau ti im lm vic
tnh Q.
Hnh 5.8. ng ti ACLL , DCLL v dng sng tn hiu vo ra.
13
5.3. CC MCH PHN CC CHO BJT
5.3.1. Mch khuch i phn cc c nh.
Mch k phn cc c nh nh hnh 5.9 s dng transistor npn.
Hnh 5.9. Mch phn cc c nh.
S mch hnh 5.9 c th chia ngun cung cp dc Vcc thnh 2
ngun nh hnh 5.10.
Hnh 5.10. Tch ngun cung cp.
14
Xt mch vng BE:
Hnh 5.11. S nhnh BE.
- p dng nh lut Kirchhoff:
Xt mch vng phn cc mi ni B-E ca hnh 5.11
BE B B CC
V R I V + = +
- Suy ra dng in I
B
:
B
BE CC
B
R
V V
I

=
- T ta c gi tr dng in I
C
:
B C
I I | =
15
Xt mch vng CE:
Hnh 5.12. S nhnh BE.
- p dng nh lut Kirchhoff 2:
Mch vng phn cc mi ni C-E c v li nh hnh 5.12.
- Suy ra in p V
CE
:
- Vy to im lm vic tnh Q ca mch l Q(V
CE
, I
CQ
).
C C CE CC
R I V V + =
E C CE
V V V =
16
V d 5.1: Cho s mch nh hnh v 5.13.
Hnh 5.13.
Bit BJT loi Silic, = 80, R
B

= 300k, R
C
= 2k v V
CC
= 18V.
a. Xc nh im lm vic tnh
Q ca mch.
b. V th.
c. Xc nh in p trn cc
chn ca BJT.
17
V d 5.2: Cho s mch nh hnh v 5.104
Hnh 5.14.
B

= 530k, R
C
= 3k v V
CC
= 6V.
Q ca mch.
b. V th.
chn ca BJT.
18
Hnh 5.15.
Bit BJT loi Silic, = 80, I
B
=
40A, R
C
= 2,5k v V
CC
= 20V.
a. Xc nh gi tr in tr R
B
.
b. Tnh dng in I
C
.
c. Tnh V
CE
.
19
* Hot ng bo ha ca BJT
i vi transistor hot ng vng bo ha th dng in t gi
tr cc i trong mch in .
Cc trng hp bo ha thng nn trnh bi v mi ni CB
khng cn phn cc ngc dn n tn hiu ng ra b mo dng.
Trong vng bo ha th cc ng cong c tnh c ni li vi
nhau v in p CE nm ti mc hoc thp hn mc in p V
CEsat
. Dng
in I
C
c gi tr tng i ln trn ng cong c tnh.
Hnh 5.16. im lm vic vng bo ha.
20
* Hot ng bo ha ca BJT
Ta dng cc ng cong xp x nh hnh 5.16b xc nh
nhanh cc mc gi tr trong vng bo ha, th dng in I
C
tng i ln
cn in p V
CE
xem nh bng 0V. p dng nh lut Ohm tnh in
tr mi ni CE:
i vi mch phn cc
c nh khi transistor ch
bo ha th s mch nh hnh
5.17, in p ri trn R chnh
bng Vcc v dng in I
C
bo
ha c gi tr:
Hnh 5.17. Xc nh I
Csat
vng bo ha.
O = = = 0
0
Csat C
CE
CE
I
V
I
V
R
C
CC
Csat
R
V
I =
21
5.3.2. Mch phn cc c nh n nh cc emitter
Mch phn cc dc hnh 5.18 c thm 1 in tr ti cc Emitter
ci thin mc n nh ca cu hnh mch phn cc c nh.
Hnh 5.18. Mch phn cc BJT c
thm in tr cc E.
Hnh 5.19. Nhnh BE. Hnh 5.20. Nhnh CE.
22
- Xt mch vng BE:
Hnh 5.18 c th v li nh hnh 5.19, p dng nh lut
Kirchhoff 2, ta c phng trnh:
E E BE B B CC
R I V R I V + + =
B E
I I ) 1 ( + = | M ta c:
Th vo phng trnh trn, ta c:
E B BE B B CC
R I V R I V ) 1 ( + + + = |
Rt gn v suy ra dng in I
B
:
E B
BE CC
B
R R
V V
I
) 1 ( + +

=
|
y chnh l gi tr dng in I
BQ
, t suy ra dng in I
CQ
:
BQ CQ
I I | =
Hnh 5.19.
23
- Xt mch vng CE:
M ta c:
in p V
CE
:
C C CE E E CC
R I V R I V + + =
E E C
I I I ~ = o
) (
E C C CC CE
R R I V V + =
Thay I
C
= I
CQ
vo biu thc trn ta c in p V
CEQ
l:
) R R ( I V V
E C CQ CC CE
+ =
Vy ta xc nh c ta im lm vic tnh Q(V
CEQ
, I
CQ
).
Hnh 5.19.
24
Hnh 5.21.
B

= 300k, R
C
= 2k, R
E
= 300 v
V
CC
= 18V.
Q ca mch.
b. Xc nh in p trn cc
chn ca BJT.
25
Hnh 5.22.
B

= 470k, R
C
= 2,2k, R
E
= 0,56k v
V
CC
= 20V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca BJT.
26
5.3.3. Mch phn cc bng in p hi tip t collector
Xt mch phn cc hi tip in p nh hnh 5.23.
Hnh 5.23. Mch khuch i hi tip
t cc C.
Hnh 5.24. Mch tng ng.
27
- Xt mch vng BE:
Rt gn v suy ra dng in I
B
:
) R R )( 1 ( R
V V
I
E C B
BE CC
B
+ + +

=
|
BQ
, t suy ra dng in I
CQ
:
BQ CQ
I I | =
E E BE B B C C CC
R I V R I R I V + + + =
'
E B BE B B C B CC
R I ) 1 ( V R I R I ) 1 ( V | | + + + + + =
Hnh 5.24.
28
- Xt mch vng CE:
in p V
CE
:
C C B CE E E CC
R ) I I ( V R I V + + + =
) R R )( I I ( V V
E C C B CC CE
+ + =
Thay I
C
= I
CQ
CEQ
l:
Vy ta xc nh c ta im lm vic tnh Q(V
CEQ
, I
CQ
).
) R R ( I ) 1 ( V V
E C BQ CC CE
+ + = |
) R R ( I ) 1 ( V V
E C B CC CE
+ + = <=> |
Hnh 5.25. Mch vng CE.
29
Hnh 5.26
B

= 240k, R
C
= 3k, R
E
= 1k v V
CC

= 9V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca BJT.
V d 5.6. Cho mch in nh hnh 5.26.
30
Hnh 5.27.
B

= 250k, R
C
= 4,7k, R
E
= 1,2k v
V
CC
= 10V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca BJT.
31
5.3.3. Mch phn cc bng cu phn p:
Xt mch phn cc bng cu phn p nh hnh 5.28.
Hnh 5.28. Mch phn cc kiu phn p. Hnh 5.29. Mch tng ng
Thvnin.
32
2 1
2 1
2 1 Th
R R
R . R
R // R R
+
= =
Hnh 5.30. Xc nh R
Th
.
- Xc nh in tr Thevenin R
Th

bng cch ngn mch ngun in p nh
hnh 5.30.
- Xc nh in p Thevenin E
Th

nh mch in nh hnh 5.31.
Hnh 5.31. Xc nh V
Th
.
2 1
2
2
R R
R
V V E
CC R Th
+
= =
33
Mch ng tng Thevenin nh hnh 5.29 dng in I
B
c th
xc nh bng nh lut Kirchhoff:
0 =
E E BE Th B Th
R I V R I E
Thay th dng I
E
= (| + 1) I
B
vo
suy ra dng I
B
:
E Th
BE Th
B
R R
V E
I
) 1 ( + +

=
|
Phng trnh mch vng CE khng c g thay i kt qu c:
BQ
, t suy ra dng in I
CQ
:
BQ CQ
I I | =
) (
E C C CC CE
R R I V V + =
Thay I
C
= I
CQ
CEQ
.
34
Hnh 5.32.
1
=
48k, R
2
= 12k, R
C
= 1,5k, R
E
= 500
v V
CC
= 18V.
a. Xc nh im lm vic tnh Q
ca mch.
b. Xc nh in p trn cc chn
ca BJT.
35
Hnh 5.33.
1
=
40k, R
2
= 4k, R
C
= 20k, R
E
= 2k v
V
CC
= 22V.
a. Xc nh im lm vic tnh Q
ca mch.
b. Xc nh in p trn cc chn
ca BJT.
36
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Cc yu t gy bt n nh im lm vic l: in p ngun
cung cp, nhit . y ta ch xt n yu t nhit v n lin quan
n vn phn cc cho transistor.
Khi nhit thay i s nh hng n cc thng s ca
transistor, th hin bi cc tham s sau:
- Dng r:
*
1 2
2 ) ( ) (
1 2
T
T T
CO CO
T I T I
A
=
Trong T
*
l bin thin nhit lm dng in bo ha
ngc tng gp i thng bng 10
0
C.
- H s truyn t dng in , :
)
75
1 (
1 2
1 2
T T
T T
+ = | |
- in p V
BE
ng vi I
B
= const: C mV V
o
BE
/ ) 5 , 2 2 ( = A
37
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Vy khi nhit lm vic ca transistor b thay i lm cc thng
s trn ca transistor thay i theo kt qu l im lm vic Q b dch
chuyn trn c tuyn ng ra hnh 5.34.
Tiu chun nh gi s bt n nh ca mch theo nhit l S,
cc h s n nh l:
CO
C
CO
I
I
I S
A
A
= ) (
BE
C
BE
V
I
V S
A
A
= ) (
|
|
A
A
=
C
I
S ) (
Ta thy S cng nh th n nh nhit ca mch cng cao.
Trong trng hp l tng, I
CO
0 nhng I
C
=0. Lc ny, S =
0. Thc t khng tn ti trng hp ny.
38
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Thng thng nh hng ca I
CO
n dng I
C
l nhiu nht nn
khi ni n nh hng ca nhit n im cng tc tnh, ngi ta ch
quan tm n nh hng ca I
CO
.
CO
C
CO
I
I
I S
A
A
= ) (
Trong :
CO B C
I ) 1 ( I I | | + + =
) 1 (
I . I
I
B C
CO
|
|
+
=
xc nh h s n nh nhit S i vi 1 transistor cho trc,
gi s khi nhit thay i , dng I
CO
thay i 1 lng I
CO
, dng I
C

thay i 1 lng I
C
.
)
I
I
1 (
) 1 (
)
I
I
1 ( I
I ) 1 (
1
I I
I
I
I
) I ( S
C
B
C
B
C
C
B C
C
CO
C
CO
A
A
+
=
A
A
A
A +
=
+
A A
A
=
A
A
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
39
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Hnh 5.34. S mch phn cc
bng dng c nh.
V d 5.10. Xt s n nh nhit trong mch sau.
)
I
I
1 (
) 1 (
I
I
) I ( S
C
B
CO
C
CO
A
A
+
=
A
A
=
|
|
Ta thy I
B
= 0 (dng I
B
lun
c nh), nn h s n nh ca mch
l:
) 1 ( ) I ( S
CO
| + =
H s khuch i ca mch
trong trng hp ny ph thuc vo h
s khuch i dng in tnh .
Ngha l mun thay i n nh ca mch ch cn cch thay
i transtor, tuy nhin h s ca transistor thng rt ln.
40
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Hnh 5.35. S mch khuch i n nh cc E.
41
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Ta c:
E E BE B B CC
R I V R I V + + =
CO E C
I I I + = o M:
o
CO C
E
I I
I

=
C
CO C
C E B
I
I I
I I I
= =
o
Thay I
B
, I
E
vo biu thc V
CC
, ta c:
( )
( )
B E
CO
BE
E B
C
E
CO C
BE B C
CO C
CC
R R
I
V
R R 1
I
R
I I
V R I
I I
V
+ +
(
+
=
|
.
|
\
|
+
+ + |
.
|
\
|

=
o o
o
o o
42
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Thay
Ta c:
1 +
=
|
|
o
CO
E B
B E
E B
BE CC
C
I
R R
R R
R R
V V
I
) 1 (
) 1 (
) 1 (
) (
+ +
+
+ +
+ +

=
|
|
|
|
- n nh nhit tnh theo I
CO
:
E B
B E
CO
R R
R R
I S
) 1 (
) 1 ( ) (
+ +
+
+ =
|
|
E
B
E
B
CO
R
R
) 1 (
R
R
1
) 1 ( ) I ( S
+ +
+
+ =
|
|
43
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Nu
) 1 ( + )) |
E
B
R
R
th
) 1 ( ) ( + ~ |
CO
I S
Nu
th
Nu
th
) 1 ( 1 + < < |
E
B
R
R
E
B
CO
R
R
I S = ) (
1 <<
E
B
R
R
1 ) ( >
CO
I S
- n nh nhit tnh theo V
BE
:
E B
BE
R R
V S
) 1 (
1
) (
+ +
=
|
|
- n nh nhit tnh theo :
) 1 (
) 1 (
) (
2 1
1
E
B
E
B
C
R
R
R
R
I
S
+ +
+
=
| |
|
44
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
T cng thc tnh n nh nhit trn, ta thy cc h s bt n
nh nhit ny c gi tr bin ln nht khi R
E
c gi tr nh v R
B
c
gi tr cng ln. Vy R
E
ng vai tr n nh nhit cho mch.
Tm li s thay i ca dng I
C
theo cc thng s ca transistor
khi nhit thay i l:
| | A + A + A = A ) ( S V ) V ( S I ) I ( S I
BE BE CO CO C
45
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Hnh 5.36. Mch phn cc bng in p hi tip.
46
- Xt mch vng BE:
C
E C B
E C
E C B
BE CC
B
I
R R R
R R
R R R
V V
I
+ +
+
+ +

= =>
Ly vi phn biu thc I
B
theo I
C
, ta c:
E C B
E C
C
B
R R R
R R
dI
dI
+ +
+
=
E E BE B B C C CC
R I V R I R I V + + + =
'
E B BE B B C B CC
R I ) 1 ( V R I R I ) 1 ( V | | + + + + + =
) R R ( I ) R R R ( I V V
E C C E C B B BE CC
+ + + + =
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
47
T ta tnh n nh nhit S ca mch:
Khi mch khng c R
E
th:
) R R )( 1 ( R
) R R R )( 1 (
)
R R R
R R
1 (
) 1 (
)
I
I
1 (
) 1 (
I
I
) I ( S
E C B
E C B
E C B
E C
C
B
CO
C
CO
+ + +
+ + +
=
+ +
+
+
+
=
A
A
+
=
A
A
=
|
|
|
|
|
|
C B
C B
CO
R ) 1 ( R
) R R )( 1 (
) I ( S
|
|
+ +
+ +
=
- Nu R
B
<< R
C
th S -> 1. S cng nh th n nh cng cao.
Tuy nhin n nh trong mch ny khng th nh hn 1 c.
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
48
Hnh 5.37. Mch phn cc kiu phn p. Hnh 5.38. Mch tng ng
Thvnin.
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Ta c:
0 R I V R I E
E E BE Th B Th
=
0 R ) I I ( R I V E
E C B Th B BE Th
= + <=>
49
E B
E C
E B
BE Th
B
R R
R . I
R R
V E
I
+
= <=>
5.4. H S N NH NHIT
Ly vi phn biu thc I
B
theo I
C
, ta c:
E B
E
C
B
R R
R
dI
dI
+
=
T ta tnh n nh nhit S ca mch:
E B
E
C
B
CO
C
CO
R R
R
1
) 1 (
)
I
I
1 (
) 1 (
I
I
) I ( S
+
+
+
=
A
A
+
=
A
A
=
|
|
|
|
Khi R
E
cng b, R
B
cng ln th S cng gn gi tr 1.
Ta thy S xp x 1 v lun nh hn 1. Hn na, h s S khng
ph thuc vo R
C
ngha l khng ph thuc vo im lm vic tnh S ca
mch.
50
5.5. CC MCH PHN CC CHO FET
i vi transistor trng th mi quan h gia ng vo v ng ra
khng tuyn tnh ph thuc vo cc thnh phn trong phng trnh
Shockley.
Mi quan h khng tuyn tnh gia I
D
v V
GS
c th phc tp nu
dng phng php ton hc phn tch cu hnh mch dc ca FET.
Phng php th gip kho st nhanh cc mch khuch i dng FET
nhng b gii hn v sai s.
Mt s khc nhau r rt gia phn tch transistor BJT v
transistor FET l i tng iu khin i vi transistor BJT l dng
in cn i vi transistor FET l in p.
Tuy nhin trong c 2 trng hp tn hiu ra l dng in v s
xc nh in p ra.
51
5.5. CC MCH PHN CC CHO FET
Mi quan h tng qut c th c p dng phn tch dc cho
tt c cc mch khuch i dng FET:
- i vi JFET v MOSFET knh c sn th phng trnh
Shockley 1 c p dng din t mi quan h gia cc i lng vo
ra:
- i vi MOSFET knh cm ng th phng trnh Shockley 2
c p dng:
0 =
G
I
S D
I I =
2
1
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
P
GS
DSS D
V
V
I I
( )
2
T GS D
V V k I =
52
5.5.1. JFET
a. Mch phn cc c nh
in p trn in tr RG bng 0V nn c th b in tr RG ra
khi mch, mch in cn li nh hnh 5.40. Kt qu in p ti 2 cc
GS nh sau:
Hnh 5.39. Mch phn cc c nh. Hnh 5.40. Mch phn tch dc.
GG GS
V V =
53
5.5.1. JFET
Do V
GG
l in p cung cp c nh nn in p V
GS
cng c gi
tr c nh nn mch c gi l mch phn cc c nh.
Hnh 5.41. th phng trnh Shockley Hnh 5.42. Xc nh im Q.
Dng in I
D
c xc nh bi phng trnh:
2
1
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
P
GS
DSS D
V
V
I I
Phn tch bng th i hi phi v th ca phng trnh
Shockley c trnh by nh hnh 5.41.
54
5.5.1. JFET
Trong hnh 5.42 ta v ng thng ti im c gi tr in p V
GS

= -V
GG
, ng thng ny ct th ca phng trnh Shockley ti 1
im im ny cn c gi l im lm vic Q. im tnh Q c ta
V
GS
v I
D
.
in p V
DS
c th c xc nh:
D D DD DS
R I V V =
Bit JFET knh N c: I
DSS
=
10mA, V
P
= - 8V, R
D
= 2k, R
G
=
1M v V
DD
= 16V, V
GG
= 2V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca JFET.
Hnh 5.43.
55
5.5.1. JFET
b. Mch t phn cc
- Theo nh lut K2 cho ng vo, ta c:
Hnh 5.44. Mch t phn cc. Hnh 5.45. Mch phn tch dc.
0 R I V
S D GS
= +
S
GS
D
R
V
I = <=>
56
5.5.1. JFET
Mc khc, ta c:
2
P
GS
DSS D
V
V
1 I I
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
Gii phng trnh honh giao im, ta c 2 nghim V
GS
.
Chn V
GS
tha iu kin: |V
GS
| |V
P
|.
T V
GS
, ta tnh c I
D
. Sau tnh c V
DS
theo nh lut K2
cho ng ra:
T ta c to ca im lm vic tnh Q (V
DSQ
, I
DQ
).
) (
D S D DD DS
R R I V V + =
57
5.5.1. JFET
Bit JFET knh N c: I
DSS
=
8mA, V
P
= - 6V, R
D
= 3,3k, R
S
=
1k, R
G
= 1M v V
DD
= 16V, V
GG
=
2V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca JFET.
Hnh 5.46. Mch t phn cc.
b. V c tuyn.
58
5.5.1. JFET
Bit JFET knh N c: I
DSS
=
10mA, V
P
= - 3V, R
D
= 2,7k, R
S
=
452, R
G
= 1M v V
DD
= 15V, V
GG

= 2V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca JFET.
b. V c tuyn.
59
5.5.1. JFET
c. Mch phn cc bng cu phn p
Hnh 5.48. Mch t phn cc. Hnh 5.49. Mch t phn cc.
2 1
DD 2
Th
R R
V R
V
+
=
2 1
2 1
Th
R R
R . R
R
+
=
60
5.5.1. JFET
S
GS Th
D
R
V V
I

= <=>
Th Th G S D GS
V R . I R I V = + +
2
P
GS
DSS D
V
V
1 I I
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
GS
.
Chn V
GS
tha iu kin: |V
GS
| |V
P
|.
T V
GS
, ta tnh c I
D
. Sau tnh c V
DS
theo nh lut K2
cho ng ra:
DSQ
, I
DQ
).
) (
D S D DD DS
R R I V V + =
61
5.5.1. JFET
Bit JFET knh N c: I
DSS
=
8mA, V
P
= - 4V, R
1
=2M, R
2
=
270k, R
D
= 2,4k, R
S
= 1,5k, R
G
=
1M v V
DD
= 16V.
Q ca mch.
chn ca JFET.
b. V c tuyn.
62
5.5.2. MOSFET KNH C SN
S ging nhau gia cc ng cong ca JFET v MOSFET knh
c sn cho php phn tch phn cc dc ging nhau.
S khc nhau c bn gia JFET v MOSFET knh c sn l
MOSFET knh c sn cho php cc im hot ng vi cc gi tr dng
ca V
GS
v I
D
ln hn gi tr I
DSS
.
Trong thc t i vi tt c cc cu hnh kho st th vic phn
tch JFET c th thay th bng MOSEFET knh c sn.
63
5.5.3. MOSFET KNH CM NG
Cc c tnh ca MOSFET knh cm ng (knh cha c sn)
hon ton khc vi JFET v MOSFET knh c sn, l dng in cc
mng I
D
ca MOSFET knh cha c sn bng 0 khi in p V
GS
nh hn
in p ngng V
T
.
Khi in p V
GS
ln hn V
T

th dng in cc mng xc nh
theo phng trnh:
( )
2
T GS D
V V k I =
( )
2
T ) ON ( GS
) ON ( D
V V
I
k
=
Hnh 5.51. c tuyn truyn t ca
MOSFET knh cm ng.
64
a. Mch phn cc hi tip
Hnh 5.53. Mch rt gn. Hnh 5.52. Mch c hi tip cc G
Do dng I
G
= 0 mA nn V
RG
= 0V khi mch in hnh 5.52
tng ng nh hnh 5.53.
65
D
D D
D
GS
D
R
V
R
V
I + = <=>
D D D GS
V R I V = +
GS
.
Chn V
GS
tha iu kin: |V
GS
| |V
T
|.
T V
GS
, ta tnh c I
D
. Sau tnh c V
DS
= V
GS
v I
G
= 0 nn
coi nh ngn mch cc D v G.
DSQ
, I
DQ
).
Theo nh lut K2 cho ng vo, ta c:
( )
2
T GS D
V V k I =
Mc khc, ta c:
66
b. Mch phn cc bng cu phn p
Hnh 5.55. Mch rt gn. Hnh 5.54. Mch phn cc phn p
p dng nh l Thvnin v sau tnh ton tng t nh
trng hp trn.

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