Wien-Bridge Oscillator

By Mr. Viresh Vilas Gawade

Bhavans college
T.Y.Bsc
Roll no.10
Saturday, December 12
th
2011

Outline
Basics about the wein bridge
Modification to the circuits
Analysis
Making the oscillations
Frequency analysis
Conclusions
Reference


Basics About the Wien-Bridge
Uses two RC
networks
connected to the
positive terminal to
form a frequency
selective feedback
network
Causes
Oscillations to
Occur
Basics About the Wien-Bridge
Amplifies the
signal with the two
negative feedback
resistors
Modification to Circuit
Analysis
The loop gain can
be found by doing
a voltage division
V
o
s ( ) V
1
s ( )
Z
2
s ( )
Z
1
s ( ) Z
2
s ( ) +

Analysis
The two RC
Networks must
have equal
resistors and
capacitors
Z
1
s ( ) R
1
s C
+
Z
2
s ( )
R
1
s C

R
1
s C
+
Analysis
Operational amplif ier gain
G
V
1
s ( )
V
s
s ( )
1
R
2
R
1
+
V
o
s ( ) V
1
s ( )
Z
2
s ( )
Z
1
s ( ) Z
2
s ( ) +

Need to find the Gain over the whole Circuit: Vo/Vs

V
o
s ( ) G V
s
s ( )
s R C
s
2
R
2
C
2
3 s R C + 1 +

Solve G equation for V1 and substitute in for above equ.

Analysis
T s ( )
V
o
s ( )
V
s
s ( )
s R C G
s
2
R
2
C
2
3 s R C + 1 +
We now have an equation for the overall circuit gain
T je
( )
j e R C G
1 e
2
R
2
C
2

( )
3 j e R C +
Simplifying and substituting jw for s
Analysis
In order to have a phase shif t of zero,
1 e
2
R
2
C
2
0
This happens at e = 1/RC When e = 1/RC, T(j e) simplif ies to:
T je
( )
G
3
If G = 3, oscillations occur
If G < 3, oscillations attenuate
If G > 3, oscillation amplify
Time
0s 0.2ms 0.4ms 0.6ms 0.8ms 1.0ms
V(R5:2)
-4.0V
0V
4.0V
G = 3
Time
0s 0.2ms 0.4ms 0.6ms 0.8ms 1.0ms
V(R5:2)
-4.0V
0V
4.0V
G = 2.9
Time
0s 100us 200us 300us 400us 500us 600us
V(R5:2)
-20V
0V
20V
G = 3.05
Making the Oscillations Steady
Add a diode
network to
keep circuit
around G = 3
If G = 3,
diodes are off
Making the Oscillations Steady
When output
voltage is
positive, D1
turns on and
R9 is switched
in parallel
causing G to
drop
Making the Oscillations Steady
When output
voltage is
negative, D2
turns on and
R9 is switched
in parallel
causing G to
drop
Results of Diode Network
Time
0s 0.2ms 0.4ms 0.6ms 0.8ms 1.0ms
V(D2:2)
-4.0V
0V
4.0V
With the use of diodes, the non-
ideal op-amp can produce steady
oscillations.
Frequency Analysis
By changing the resistor and
capacitor values in the positive
feedback network, the output
frequency can be changed.
R 10kO := C 1nF :=
e
1
R C
:= e 1 10
5

rad
sec
=
f
e
2 t
:= f 15.915kHz =
Frequency Analysis
Frequency
0Hz 10KHz 20KHz 30KHz 40KHz
V(D2:2)
0V
2.0V
4.0V
(15.000K,2.0539)
Fast Fourier Transform of Simulation
Frequency Analysis
Due to limitations of the op-amp,
frequencies above 1MHz are
unachievable.
Conclusions
No Input Signal yet Produces
Output Oscillations
Can Output a Large Range of
Frequencies
With Proper Configuration,
Oscillations can go on indefinitely
Reference
www.circuitstoday.com
www.ecircuitcenter.com/circuits/opwie
n
www.jensign.com/wien
www.sciencelabequipments.net/wein-
bridge-oscillator


Thank You.