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NGUYEN NH PHU
s phat trien cua VXL Cac khai niem c ban cua VXL
SAU KHI KET THUC CO THE BIET CHC NANG Lch s phat trien cac loai VXL,
may tnh Chieu dai t d lieu Kha nang truy xuat bo nh Toc o lam viec Thanh ghi cua VXL Lenh cua VXL Cac kieu truy xuat bo nh Cac loai bo nh Cac mach ien giao tiep ngoai vi
VI X LY
La
IC so chuyen ve x ly d lieu, tnh toan d lieu va K theo chng trnh Vi x ly (vxl): mircoprocessor D lieu: data Chng trnh: program
HE THONG VI X LY
VXL BO
mach ien logic, Cac bo nh (memory), Cac thiet b xuat/nhap (Input/output) e x ly d lieu (data).
cong nghe SSI va MSI th VXL van con la mot nhom gom nhieu IC ket hp lai vi nhau. Vi cong nghe LSI va VLSI th cau truc c rut gon va tch hp thanh mot IC duy nhat c goi la VXL (microprocessor) thap nien 70.
CONG NGHE
SSI:
SMALL SCALE INTEGRATED MSI: MEDIUM SCALE INTEGRATED LSI: LARGE SCALE INTEGRATED VLSI: VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATED
LCH S VI X LY
The
LCH S VI X LY
Cac
vi x ly tang ve so lng
bit Tang them so lng lenh ieu khien va cac lenh tnh toan phc tap.
4004
Co the truy xuat 4096 o nh 4 bit o Co 45 lenh.
o
VI X LY 8 BIT 8008
Nam
8008
Co the truy xuat 16K o nh 8 bit o Co 48 lenh.
o
VI X LY 8 BIT 8080
Nam
o
Co the truy xuat 64Kbyte bo nh o Co nhieu lenh hn, o Chay nhanh gap 10 lan so vi 8008.
VI X LY 8 BIT 8085
Nam
o
Tch hp mach tao xung clock, o Co nhieu ngat phuc vu cho nhieu ng dung o Tch hp mach ieu khien he thong.
VI X LY 16 BIT 8086
Nam
8086:
Co 20 ng a ch o Truy xuat 1MB bo nh o Bus d lieu trong va ngoai eu la 16bit.
o
VI X LY 16 BIT 8088
Nam
8088 o Hieu chnh t VXL 8086 o Khac vi 8086 la bus d lieu ngoai 8 bit o Muc ch hieu chnh nham ha gia thanh va tr thanh vi x ly trong may tnh IBM-PC/XT.
VI X LY 16 BIT 80186
Cuoi
80186
La phien ban m rong cua vi x ly 8086 o Co ho tr quan ly bo nh theo phan oan va bao ve o Bus a ch co 24 ng o Cho phep truy xuat 16Mbyte bo nh.
o
VI X LY 16 BIT 80286
Nam
80286 Chu yeu phat trien t 8086 co them nhieu chc nang nh
Tch hp mach nh thi o Tch hp mach ieu khien DMA, o Tch hp mach ieu khien ngat, o Mach chon chip bo nh c thiet ke rieng cho cac ng dung nhung
o
VI X LY 16 BIT 80286
VI X LY 32 BIT 80386
Nam
80386
Co quan ly bo nh theo trang va phan oan bo nh, o Bus d lieu ben trong va ben ngoai eu la 32 bit, o Tap thanh ghi c m rong.
o
VI X LY 32 BIT 80486
Nam
o o o o o
Co cai thien kien truc e tang hieu suat, Co bo nh cache tren bo, n v dau cham ong tren bo. Co them 6 lenh so vi 80386. Cai tien lenh nh thi e tang
VI X LY PENTIUM
Nam
o
ra
VXL
VI X LY PENTIUM PRO
Nam
1997, Intel cho ra VXL Pentium II = Pentium Pro + MMX. Nam 1999, Intel cho ra i VXL Pentium III IA64, m rong tao luong SIMD Nam 2000, Intel cho ra i VXL Pentium IV.
Lch
s phat trien VXL. Chieu dai t d lieu, Kha nang truy xuat bo nh Tap lenh, chng trnh Bo nh, ngoai vi Lnh vc ng dung cua VXL
1: Hay cho biet cac the he cua vi x ly va trong tng the he hay neu ten hoac ma so cua mot vi x ly tng ng. 2: Cac the he vi x ly 8 bit cua INTEL co bao nhieu loai va ma so theo th t cai tien va cac cai tien ntn?
Cau
3: Cung thi vi vi x ly 8 bit cua Intel th con co vxl cua cac hang nao ma so la g? 4: The he vxl 32 bit cua INTEL gom nhng loai nao ? Hay cho biet so ng a ch ?
Cau
5: Hay cho biet cac 5 san pham co dung VXL? Cau 6: Mot HTVXL gom cac thanh phan nao? Vai tro hay chc nang cua cac thanh phan o? Cau 7: Hay neu cac thong so e chng minh sc
nh gom cac ng tn hieu nao ? vai tro ac tnh cua tng loai, cach tnh dung lng BN? Vxl 8086 va 8088 la the he th may ? bao nhieu bit? khac nhau iem nao? Ly do?