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ANTEN CHO H THNG UWB

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L Ngc Ton Trng Th Thy Bi Gia Duy Phm Th Nga Bi c Mnh Lm Vit Cng Hong Vn Chin Thn Vn Mnh Trn Tun Hip

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Gii thiu UWB

Tiu chun k thut anten trong h thngUWB

Anten cho h thng UWB

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Gii thiu v UWB

Ultra Wideband:
H thng bng thng siu rng (cn c gi tt l UWB) l mt cng ngh v tuyn tin phong bi Robert A. Scholtz v cng s ca ng, c th c s dng mt mc nng lng rt thp cho ng truyn ngn, bng thng cao, thng tin lin lc bng cch s dng mt lng ln phn ca ph tn v tuyn.

c im:
Bng thng ca h thng UWB ln hn rt nhiu bng thng ca cc h thng hin ti s dng trong thng tin lin lc. UWB l tn hiu c bng thng t l chim 20% ca tn s trung tm hoc bng thng ti thiu 500MHz bt k bng thng t l.
T 14-2-2002, FCC (Federal Communication Commission) cho php s dng UWB trong di tn t 3.1 GHz 10.6 GHz cho cc mc ch dn s. Ngy nay, k thut UWB c s dng ph bin trong lnh vc thng tin lin lc. Nh cc ng dng ca UWB ngy cng m rng v pht trin.
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Tiu chun k thut cho anten trong UWB

Anten cho UWB phi t c mt bng thng rng trong khi vn phi duy tr c hiu sut bc x cao trn ton bng. Anten UWB phi c kh nng hot ng trn c di tn 3,1-10,6GHz. tr nhm (group delay): th hin cht lng truyn i mt xung UWB v mc b nh hng mo hay tn sc ca xung . Anten cho UWB phi m bo tr nhm lun l mt hng s. th bc x v hiu sut bc x: Trong khi thit k cho php t v tr my thu v pht cc v tr khng c nh

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Tiu chun k thut cho anten trong UWB

Cng ngh bng thng siu rng ch yu hng ti cc thit b di ng, cm tay

iu ng ngha vi vic anten c thit k phi c hnh dng, kch thc nh (anten vi di) cho php tch hp vo trong cc thit b.

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Tiu chun k thut cho anten trong UWB

Di tn hot ng Hiu sut bc x Pha th bc x 3.1GHz 10.6 GHz Cao > 70% Gn tuyn tnh, tr nhm khng i ng hng

rng bp sng na cng sut

Hnh dng H s nh hng v H s tng ch

Rng > 60
Nh, gn, ng phng Thp

Bng 1: Yu cu ca anten cho thit b di ng bng thng siu rng

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Anten cho h thng UWB

Cc yu cu chung: Vi cc xung hp di ns (nano giy) s yu cu cu trc anten c bit khc vi anten h thng bng hp thng thng.Nhn chung anten UWB phi tuyn tnh v pha v phi c tm pha c nh. Mch phi khng thng khng tuyn tnh v pha do anten phi t phi hp tr khng. c tnh bc x ca anten nh hng ng k n cht lng ca anten.H s khuch i anten cn phi t bin i trong c bng tn rng trnh lm gim mo xung pht.
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Anten cho h thng UWB

Anten trm c s Tn s(GHz) Phi khng(VSWR) Hiu sut bc x(%) Tnh hng(dB) trung thc Kch thc (cm2) 2 - 10 <2 50 0 - 30 > 0,7 Khng quy nh Anten thit b cm tay 3 - 10 <3 10 0 > 0,7 < 100 trn PCB

Bng : Ch tiu c bn ca anten UWB

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Anten cho h thng UWB

Loa TEM Loa TEM v cc bin th ca n nm trong s nhng anten c s dng ph bin nht trong ng dng UWB. Cu trc c bn bao gm hai tm kim loi hnh nm c cp in bng ng dy song hnh ch TEM. Loa TEM duy tr tt dng xung v c tm pha khng i. m v di ca anten c th iu chnh thay i th bc x, phi khng v c tnh qu ca anten. H s khuch i: 5 15 dB (ph hp cho cc trm c s c hng)
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Anten cho h thng UWB

Anten bc x xung Anten bc x xung IRA bao gm loa TEM tip in cho mt phn x parabol. Vi anten ny c th t c h s khuch i cao hu nh khng ph thuc vo tn s, gi tr t ti 25dBi. H s khuch i c th iu chnh bng cch di chuyn Loa TEM ra xa tiu im ca mt phn x parabol. Vi h s khuch i cao anten ny ph hp cho cc trm c s c c ly rt xa. rng bp sng hp v cc xung hp to ra bi anten iu khin n khng chu nh hng ca nhiu.

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Anten cho h thng UWB

Anten ngu cc v n cc
Anten ngu cc v n cc khng c ti thun tr hot ng da trn k thut cng hng, do hiu ng dao ng ringing lm gim ng k cht lng ca chng.

Hnh 1: Mt s loi anten n bng rng

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Anten cho h thng UWB

Anten ngu cc v n cc
Mt thit k in hnh ca anten loi ny l anten n. Anten n c s dng kh ph bin cho anten bng siu rng. rng bp sng v tr khng vo ca anten n ph thuc trc tip vo hnh dng ca anten v chng gn nh khng i trn c di tn. cn bng v tip sng bng rng cho anten n ta s dng cu trc lai vi anten khe. rng bng tn ca anten n ph thuc di ca cc tm kim loi. rng bp sng ca anten n quan h tuyn tnh vi gc m.

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Anten cho h thng UWB

Anten loa gp
tng cho anten loa gp n t vic chn cc loa nh vo trong loa chnh. Cc loa nh chia gc m ban u ca loa thnh 2 phn bng nhau. S dng k thut ny, kch thc ca anten c th gim xung.
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Hnh 2: Anten loa gp

Ti liu tham kho

Ths. Nguyn Vit Minh, Truyn sng v anten, 6-2010. T Sn Xut, Trn Hi Nam, Vng Hong Nam, Thit k anten vi di UWB cho cc thit b di ng, 10 / 2008. http://pctoday.vn/nhip-songict/1733156/17102008.aspx

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