1.

Mean, Median and Mode

2. First Quantile, third Quantile and
Interquantile Range.
Lecture 2 Grouped Data
Calculation
Mean Grouped Data
Number
of order
f
10 12
13 15
16 18
19 21
4
12
20
14
n = 50
Number
of order
f x fx
10 12
13 15
16 18
19 21
4
12
20
14
11
14
17
20
44
168
340
280
n = 50 = 832
fx
832
x = = =16.64
n 50

Example: The following table gives the frequency distribution of the number
of orders received each day during the past 50 days at the office of a mail-order
company. Calculate the mean.

Solution:

X is the midpoint of the
class. It is adding the
class limits and divide by
2.
Median and Interquartile Range
Grouped Data
Step 1: Construct the cumulative frequency distribution.
Step 2: Decide the class that contain the median.
Class Median is the first class with the value of cumulative
frequency equal at least n/2.
Step 3: Find the median by using the following formula:

Median
| |
|
|
|
\ .
m
m
n
- F
2
= L + i
f
m
L
m
f
Where:
n = the total frequency
F = the cumulative frequency before class median

i = the class width
= the lower boundary of the class median

= the frequency of the class median

Time to travel to work Frequency
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
8
14
12
9
7
Example: Based on the grouped data below, find the median:

Solution:

Time to travel
to work
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
8
14
12
9
7
8
22
34
43
50
25
2
50
2
= =
n
m
f
m
L
1
st
Step: Construct the cumulative frequency distribution




class median is the 3
rd
class

So, F = 22, = 12, = 20.5 and i = 10

Therefore,

2
25 22
21 5 10
12
24
| |
|
+
|
|
\ .
| |
+
|
\ .
Median
=
=
m
m
n
- F
= L i
f
-
.


Thus, 25 persons take less than 24 minutes to travel to work and another 25 persons
take more than 24 minutes to travel to work.

1
1
1 Q
Q
n
- F
4
Q L + i
f
| |
|
=
|
|
\ .
| |
|
=
|
|
\ .
3
3
3 Q
Q
3n
- F
4
Q L + i
f
Quartiles
Using the same method of calculation as in the Median,
we can get Q
1
and Q
3
equation as follows:


Time to travel to work Frequency
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
8
14
12
9
7
Example: Based on the grouped data below, find the Interquartile Range

Time to travel
to work
Frequency Cumulative
Frequency
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
8
14
12
9
7
8
22
34
43
50
1
n 50
Class Q 12 5
4 4
. = = =
1
1
1
4
12 5 8
10 5 10
14
13 7143
| |
|
= +
|
|
\ .
| |
= +
|
\ .
=
Q
Q
n
- F
Q L i
f
. -
.
.
Solution:
1
st
Step: Construct the cumulative frequency distribution

Class Q
1
is the 2
nd
class
Therefore,



2
nd
Step: Determine the Q
1
and Q
3


( )
3
3 50
3n
Class Q 37 5
4 4
. = = =
3
3
3
4
37 5 34
30 5 10
9
34 3889
| |
|
= +
|
|
\ .
| |
= +
|
\ .
=
Q
Q
n
- F
Q L i
f
. -
.
.
IQR = Q
3
Q
1

Class Q
3
is the 4
th
class
Therefore,

Interquartile Range

IQR = Q
3
Q
1


calculate the IQ
IQR = Q
3
Q
1
= 34.3889 13.7143 = 20.6746

Mode
Mode is the value that has the highest frequency in a data set.
For grouped data, class mode (or, modal class) is the class with the highest frequency.
To find mode for grouped data, use the following formula:

| |
|
\ .
Mode
1
mo
1 2

= L + i
+
Mode Grouped Data
mo
L
1
A
2
A
Where:



is the lower boundary of class mode

is the difference between the frequency of class mode
and the frequency of the class before the class mode

is the difference between the frequency of class mode and the frequency
of the class after the class mode

i is the class width
Calculation of Grouped Data -
Mode
Time to travel to work Frequency
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
8
14
12
9
7
Example: Based on the grouped data below, find the mode

mo
L
1
A
2
A
6
10 5 10 17 5
6 2
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .
Mode= . .
Solution:
Based on the table,




= 10.5, = (14 8) = 6, = (14 12) = 2 and
i = 10





Mode can also be obtained from a histogram.
Step 1: Identify the modal class and the bar representing it
Step 2: Draw two cross lines as shown in the diagram.
Step 3: Drop a perpendicular from the intersection of the two lines
until it touch the horizontal axis.
Step 4: Read the mode from the horizontal axis


( )
2
2
2

o =

fx
fx
N
N
( )
2
2
2
1

fx
fx
n
s
n
2 2
o o =
2 2
s s =
Population Variance:

Variance for sample data:

Standard Deviation:

Population:
Sample:
Variance and Standard Deviation
-Grouped Data
No. of order f
10 12
13 15
16 18
19 21
4
12
20
14
Total n = 50
No. of order f x fx fx
2

10 12
13 15
16 18
19 21
4
12
20
14
11
14
17
20
44
168
340
280
484
2352
5780
5600
Total n = 50 832 14216
Example: Find the variance and standard deviation for the following data:

Solution:
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
1
832
14216
50
50 1
7 5820

fx
fx
n
s
n
.
75 . 2 5820 . 7
2
= = = s s
Variance,


Standard Deviation,


Thus, the standard deviation of the number of orders received at
the office of this mail-order company during the past 50 days is 2.75.