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K thut MPLS

Trnh by: L c Phng

Ni dung trnh by

Gii thiu v MPLS, cc ng dng ni bt ca MPLS. Chuyn mch IP v chuyn mch nhn. Cu trc nhn. Giao thc trao i nhn. MPLS VPN.

Gii thiu v MPLS.

Multiprotocol Label Switching Chuyn mch nhn a giao thc:

Chuyn mch (Switching). Nhn (Label). a giao thc (Multiprotocol).

Cc ng dng

MPLS VPN. AToM (Any Transport over MPLS). Traffic Engineering. QoS trn MPLS. BGP Free Core. u im vt tri: hp nht h tng.

nh tuyn v Chuyn mch

nh tuyn (Routing): s dng cc ng i khai bo tnh (static route) hoc chy cc giao thc nh tuyn xc nh c ng i ti u nht n mt ch n no . Chuyn mch (Switching): di chuyn mt gi tin t interface ny qua interface kia ca thit b.

nh tuyn v Chuyn mch

Chuyn mch IP

Process Switching. Fast Switching. CEF Cisco Express Forwarding.

Chuyn mch nhn

Chuyn mch nhn (tt).

Chuyn mch nhn (tt).


LIB Label Information Base. LFIB Label Forwarding Information Base. Label Distribution Protocol.

LSR Label Switch Router

Cu trc nhn
Nhn (Label):

C gi tr t 0 -> 2^20 1. 0 ->15: dnh ring. S dng t 16 -> 2^20 1. Cisco IOS ch cho php t 16 -> 100000.

EXP (Experimental): dng cho QoS. S (Bottom of Stack): cho bit y phi nhn cui cng ca chng nhn (label stack) cha. TTL (Time To Live): tng t nh trng TTL ca IP header.

Cu trc nhn (tt)

Giao thc trao i nhn

Cu hnh MPLS

Bc 1: Bt c ch CEF. Bc 2: Bt MPLS trn cc cng (interface). Bc 3: Cu hnh MTU cho ph hp vi chuyn mch nhn.

Cu hnh MPLS (tt)

Cu hnh MPLS (tt)

Cu hnh MPLS (tt)

VPN

VPN Virtual Private Network: Mng ring o. L mt mng o dnh ring nhng c xy dng trn mt h tng chung. c tnh c bn:

Reachable. Isolated. Transparent.

Cc loi VPN

Overlay VPN Peer to peer VPN.

Overlay VPN

Nh cung cp dch v cung cp hoc doanh nghip t cu hnh cc ng ni im im gia cc site ca mnh. V d: Frame Relay, ATM (layer 2) GRE VPN, IPSEC VPN (layer 3).

Overlay VPN (tt)

Overlay VPN (tt)

u im:

Nhc im:

C tnh bit lp cao gia cc VPN, gia nh cung cp dch v v khch hng. Nh cung cp dch v ch cung cp mt ng truyn, khng tham gia nh tuyn cng khch hng. Cc VPN ch yu c khai bo tnh v l cc ng im im: cc VC phi c khai bo tay sut tuyn (manually configuration). Mun ti u ha v ng i phi xy dng full mesh u ni cc VC. Cc VPN khc nhau khng lin thng c vi nhau. Khng cung cp c c ch i Internet.

Peer to peer VPN


Nh cung cp dch v tham gia nh tuyn cng vi khch hng. u im:


Nhc im:

m bo nh tuyn ti u gia cc site ca khch hng. C tnh cht ng: d dng trin khai thm VPN, c th cho cc VPN khc nhau lin thng vi nhau, to c ng i Internet. Nh cung cp dch v phi tham gia nh tuyn v chu trch nhim cho s hi t nh tuyn ca khch hng. PE router phi cha rt nhiu route ca cc khch hng. Nh cung cp dch v phi trin khai thm cc cng c lc route, cc cng c h tr s trng lp IP gia cc khch hng.

MPLS VPN

MPLS VPN (tt)

MPLS VPN (tt)

MPLS VPN (tt)

VRF Virtual Routing Forwarding: l mt t hp nh tuyn v chuyn mch i km vi mt giao thc nh tuyn trn PE router. Trn PE, mi VRF c gn cho mt VPN khch hng.

MPLS VPN (tt)

MPLS VPN (tt)

RD Route Distinguisher: c nh km vo cc IPv4 Prefix route nh danh duy nht cc route c trao i gia cc Router. RD: l mt dy nh phn di 64 bit c nh dng: ASN:nn. RD nh km vi IPv4 to thnh a ch VPNv4. MP BGP s vn chuyn cc route VPNv4 gia cc PE.

MPLS VPN (tt)


RT Route Target. L mt thuc tnh community m rng ca BGP c s dng xc nh xem route no nhn c t MP BGP s c import (a vo) VRF.

MPLS VPN (tt)

MPLS VPN (tt)

Core ca ISP s l MPLS core:

MPLS VPN s dng 02 nhn:


Ch cc PE router phi cha route ca cc khch hng. Cc P router khng phi bit thng tin nh tuyn ca khch hng. Ch phi chy MP BGP gia cc PE (BGP Free Core).
Nhn u (Top label): dng i n router PE u kia. Nhn th 2 (Second label): dng xc nh VPN.

MPLS VPN (tt)

Cc bc cu hnh mt MPLS VPN c bn:


Cu hnh MPLS Core. Cu hnh cc VRF v chy nh tuyn vi khch hng. Cu hnh chy BGP gia cc PE. Thc hin redistribute cc route ca khch hng vo BGP v ngc li. Kim tra.

Cu hnh v d (xem bi lab v d).

Xin chn thnh cm n!


L c Phng, Instructor. T: 0983.677.009 Mail: leducphuong@vnpro.org

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