PLANNING

Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. It bridges a gape from where we are to where we want to go (Koontz and ODonel) Planning is deciding the best alternates, among others to perform different managerial operations in order to achieve the pre determined goals (J.P.Barger)

TYPE OF PLAN

STRATEGIC PLANNING
The process of developing a mission and long range objectives an determining in advance how they will be accomplished

Mission and objectives

Strategy formulation Strategy implementation Evaluation and control

DEVELOPMENTAL PLAN

A development plan represents a plan prepared for period of one to five years Education Development Plan 2012

OPERATIONAL PLAN

An operational plan represents a plan for one year The process of setting short range objectives and determining how they will be accomplished

PERSPECTIVE PLAN

Long term planning of a particular institution covering optimum aspect of the programme

SHORT TERM PLAN

It is concerned with determining the short term activities to accomplish long term results

ROLLING PLAN

The targets not achieved within the stipulatd period are rolled on to the next year . A rolling plan is used when usually annual targets are not achieved due to shortage of funds and resources

ANNUAL PLAN
Used in Pakistan in the years, 1972-78. It is prepared for limited period of one year plan

SECTORAL PLAN
These plans are prepared by various ministries .the sect oral chapters of five years plan form sect oral plans

PROJECT

Project is a group of connected activities with a definite start and end point for attaining certain predetermined objectives Projectisation is an act of turning something into a project, or structuring something like a project

TYPES OF PROJECTS
SIMPLE PROJECTS
Aims to achieve a particular objective by accomplishing a single task . Construction of additional room in a school etc.

COMPLEX PROJECT
Multi phase and long ranged projects, complex in nature and necessitate a larger or specific management organization for their implementation like, Establishment of some new university, educational reforms changing curriculum

SHORT TERM

These projects may be simple as well as complex. These are short term with reference to the life of the project. (constructions etc.)

LONG TERM PROJECT

The project which is to be continued for a longer period of time due to its scope. Establishment of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad

PILOT PROJECT
A small project undertaken to test and adopt a development project to a particular social and geographical situation

RESEARCH PROJECT

Application and use of methods of scientific research for investigating into situations relating to educational development, determining feasibilities of education development projects , for assessing the evaluating the impacts of inputs and for evaluating systems.

INVESTMENT PROJECT
Physical inputs, equipments, labs, buildings, hostels etc.

TECHNICAL COOPERATION
Technical assistance programmes, joint venture , training etc.

INSTITUITION BUILDING PROJECTS

Buildings as well as organizational structures administrative procedures and inter organizational linkages

PROJECT CYCLE
PROJECT IDENTIFICATION FEASIBILITY TESTING FORMULATION APPRAISAL APPROVAL IMPLEMENTATION MONITORING/EVALUATION

PROJECT PLAN
TITLE OBJECTIVE TARGETS JUSTIFICATION LINKAGES WITH DEV PLAN PROJECT MANAGEMENT BUDGETING RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION FEASIBILITY