Tit 6.

Axit nuclic
Gio vin: Nguyn minh ch

Trng: THPT hip ha s 3

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I. Axit xiribnuclic(ADN) v axit ribnuclic(arn):

1. Cu trc ho hc ca ADN v ARN:

Hy quan st v so snh cu trc ho hc ca ADN v 7/5/2012 ARN ?

(?) c im no sau y chung cho c ADN v ARN ? to theo nguyn tc a phn, n phn l cc loi A. Cu nucltit. cu to t cc chui B. u c plynucltit. cc lin kt C. u cha hir. l nhng chui xon D. u kp. Axit xirinuclic(ADN) Cu to theo nguyn tc a phn, n phn l cc loi nucltit.
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Axit rinuclic(ARN) Cu to theo nguyn tc a phn, n phn l cc loi ribnucltit.

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(?) n phn ca ADN v ARN ging nhau thnh phn Axit phtphoric. A. no ? C. Baz nit, axit phtphoric. B. ng, baz nit. D. Baz nit. (?) Trong cc p n trn n phn ca ADN v ARN khc nhau im no ?

Axit xirinuclic(ADN)
Nucltit gm: + ng Petz(C5H10O4)

Axit rinuclic(ARN)
Ribnucltit gm:

+ ng RibzC5H10O5)
+ Axit phtphoric. + Mt trong 4 loi baz nit(A, U, G, X)
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+ Axit phtphoric.
+ Mt trong 4 loi baz nit(A, T, G, X
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(?) Trong phn t ADN 2 chui plynucltit lin kt vi nhau theo nguyn tc no ? A. Bn bo ton B. Khun mu Nguyn tc b sung l g? C. Bo ton D. B sung

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Tnh a dng v c th ca ADN

T T T
X G

G
T
X

G
T
X

G
T
X

T A
X

T A

T A

T A
X G

T A

G
X

T (?) V sao ch c 4 loi nucltit m to ra v s cc ADN khc nhau ? Do cu to theo nguyn tc a phn, cc ADN c trng bi s lng, thnh phn v trt t sp xp ca cc nucltit trong phn t. 7/5/2012 6

S cu trc phn t ADN

Ca James Watson v Francis crick

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Cu trc phn t ADN: chui xon kp gm 2 mch n. Nh cng trnh ny m hai ng nhn c gii thng N-ben v y hc v sinh l hc nm 1962. 7

2. Cu trc khng gian ca ADN v ARN: (?) Hy quan st hnh v cho bit ADN c cu trc khng gian nh th no ?

3,4A0

10 cp nuclti t

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3. Chc nng ca ADN: (?) ADN c cu to theo nguyn tc a phn m n phn l cc nucltit. Nu ch tnh ring cu to ny th chc nng tng ng ca ADN l g ? A. Mang thng tin di truyn.

B. Bo qun thng tin di truyn. C. Mang gen cu trc, gen iu ho v gen vn hnh.bo qun v truyn t thng tin di D. Mang, truyn.

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(?) Thng tin di truyn trong ADN c truyn qua cc th h t bo bng cch no ?

A. Nh qu trnh t nhn i ca ADN. B. Nh c ch sao m. C. Nh c ch gii m. D. Nh c ch sao m v gii m.

ADN A - T ARN rA Prtein aa Gii m aa aa
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T G X 7/5/2012

A X Sao m G

rT rG rX

II. Cu trc v chc nng ca cc loi arn:

ARN

mARN

tARN

rARN

Cu trc Dng mch thng, gm 1 chui plyribnucltit. C cu trc vi 3 thy, 1 thu mang b ba i m, 1 u i din l v tr gn cc a.a -> gip lin kt vi mARN v ribxm. vng lin kt C nhiu b sung vi nhau to nn cc vng xon cc b.

Chc nng Truyn thng tin di truyn t ADN n ribxm. Vn chuyn axit amin n ribxm tng hp prtein.

Cng prtein to nn ribxm. L ni tng hp prtein.

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4. Cng c: Cu 1: Phn t ARN no khng c lin kt hir ? A. tARN, rARN C. mARN B. rARN, mARN D. rARN Cu 2: n phn ca Axit nuclic l: A. Phtphoieste. C. ng C5H10O4 B. Axit phtphoric D. Nucltit Cu 3: Trong phn t ADN c cc loi nucltit no ? A. A, T, G, U. C. A, G, U, X B. A, T, G, X. D. G, T, X, U.
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Cu 4: ADN va a dng, va c th l do:

A. ADN c cu to theo nguyn tc a phn. B. ADN c cu trc khng gian khc nhau. C. S lng cc nucltit khc nhau. D. S lng, thnh phn, trt t sp xp cc nucltit khc nhau. Cu 5: Phn t ARN d b phn hy nht trong t bo tARN, rARN. A. l: B. rARN, mARN. C. mARN. D. tARN
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Cu trc khng gian ca AND v ARN AND ARN

ADN c 2 chui plynucltit Gm mt mch plynucltit xon kp song song quanh c ba loi ribnucltit(mARN, trc, to nn xon kp u tARN, rARN) ging mt ci cu thang xon. -Mi bc thang l mt cp baz, tay thang l phn t ng v axit phtphoric -Khong cch gia 2 cp baz l 3,4A0. -Mi chu k xon gm 10 cp nucltit. - 7/5/2012 knh vng xon l ng 14 20A0.

Chc mng

bn tr li ng

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Rt tic

bn tr li sai

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Chc cc thy c sc kho, chc cc em hc tp tt

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Thng 10/2007 Thng 10-2011

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